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Objective: To investigate the value of diagnosis for prostate cancer （PCa） by combined use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy （MRS） and diffusion weighted imaging （DWI） . Materal and Methods: Twenty-six cases of Pca, 31 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia （BPH） proved by operation or biopsy were examined by MRS and DWI. apparent diffusion coefficient （ADC） values of cancerous regions in the Pca patients, and ADC values of peripheral zone and central glands in BPH were measured, the value≤1.24x10-3mm2/s should be regarded as the diagnostic standard of prostate cancer. MRS observation included the chemical shift of citrate （Cit） , choline （Cho） and creatine （Cr） spectra, and the ratio of （Cho+Cr） /Cit, the ratio≥0.911 should be regarded as the diagnostic standard of prostate cancer. SPSS 13. 0 statistical analysis software were used to statistic analysis of MRI+DWI?MRI+MRS and MRI+DWI+MRS in the diagnosis of prostate cancer to get the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, respectively. Result: The ADC value of cancerous and peripheral zone, central glands in BPH was （1.161±0.205） x10-3mm2/s and （1.701±0.317） x10-3mm2/s, （1.501±0.266） x10-3mm2/s respectively, there was statistical difference between cancerous and noncancerous regions （P<0.05） . The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ADC value were 84. 62%, 83. 87%, 84. 21%, respectively. On MRS, （Cho+Cr） /Cit ratio elevated, average （2.54±1.78） in the cancerous ragions, in BPH （Cho+Cr） /Cit ratio was not high, avage （0.80±0.47） . The metabolie ratios between the BPH and PCa were of remarkable statistically difference （P<0.05） . The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of （Cho+Cr） /Cit ratio were 92. 31%, 80. 65%, 85. 96%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ADC value and （Cho+Cr） /Cit ratio were 92.31%, 93.55%, 92.98%. Conclusion: The combining application of DWI and MRS increased the diagnostic specificity and accuracy compared with DWI or MRS alone.
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