Dissertation > Excellent graduate degree dissertation topics show

Cytological Study on Cross-Compatibility of Paeonia Lactiflora

Author: SongChunHua
Tutor: GuoXianFeng
School: Shandong Agricultural University
Course: Ornamental Plants and Horticulture
Keywords: Chinese herbaceous peony Hybridization Microspore Fertilization Embryos
CLC: S682.12
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 81
Quote: 1
Read: Download Dissertation

Abstract

The hybrid combinations affinity for its cytology Mechanism important basic research, directed cultivation of new varieties of peony, improved peony germplasm resources To this end, the study selected peony (case), excellent traits of four varieties related studies . Hybrid parents in this major include: peony (Peaonia lactiflora Pall.) Varieties' powder Yunu '(' Fen Yu Nu '),' purple phoenix feather '(' Zi Feng Yu '),' red plate prop gold '(' Hong Pan Tuo Jin '); varieties of peony' Feng Dan '(P. ostii). Specific hybrid combination compared: 'the purple phoenix Yu' (C) × 'red plate Talkin' (E) 'powder Yunu' (C) x 'red plate Talkin' (E), 'Purple phoenix feather' (C) the × 'the powder Yunu' (E) 3 intraspecific hybridization combination of 'pink Yu Nu' (C) × 'Fengdan' (E) 'purple phoenix feather' (C) × 'Fengdan' (E) interspecific hybrid combinations. Determination of vigor, germination rate and stamen development process observed on the paternal pollen before pollination to explore paternal fertility; fluorescence microscopy and cytological observations after pollination, hybridization process of fertilization and embryonic development process and combination of hybrid seed rate to clarify the cytological mechanism of hybridization affinity or affinity, to provide the most direct theoretical basis to improve the hybridization affinity, and thus to provide theoretical guidance for the peony crossbreeding. From pollen viability and stamen development process. Pollination, semi-solid agar medium method of 'powder Yunu', 'red disk talkin' and 'Fengdan '3 paternal pollen morphology explore paternal fertility learn the microscopic observation, vigor and germination rate determination. The results show that: (1) three varieties of pollen grain morphology, divided into normal pollen and abnormal pollen. The former spherical volume, with germination hole, normal germination, are dynamic pollen; latter volume is significantly smaller, not normal germination. (2) 'red plate talkin' the 'Fengdan' vitality pollen proportion as high as 92.4% and 91.2%, average pollen germination rate when up to 85.1% and 88.0%, when hybridization can provide enough mature male parent pollen, pollen not Be reason fertilization obstacles. (3) 'the powder Yunu' vitality pollen only 40-50% of the pollen germination rate is only 30% -50%; proportion of exception pollen number is as high as 50% -60%, the 'powder Yunu' as the male parent may hybrid obstacles, this further study abandoned the the purple phoenix feather 'x' powder Yunu 'hybrid combinations, cytological observation of the' powder Yunu 'stamen development process instead, in order to identify abnormal pollen reasons. 2. An early age the spore and male gametophyte development process to explore the abnormal pollen reasons of 'Pink Yunu'. Vigor and germination rate differences, the 'red plate talkin' and 'the powder Yunu' study of its the small pollen spores and male gametophyte development process cytological observation and comparison. The results show that: the small sporangia peony flower contraceptives, drug-wall structure is a dicotyledonous glandular tapetum. (1) the vitality pollen microspore mother cell meiosis cytokinesis type tetrad mostly tetrahedrally less symmetrical shape, the mature pollen 2 - cells. (2) abnormal pollen microspore mother cell can not be normal meiotic anomalies exist fifth and chromosome bridges. By fluorescence microscopy observation resolve the fertilization process fluorescence microscopy observation of four hybrid combinations in the the artificial pollination within 72 h after fertilization process, after hybridization sub bagging and open two state. The results are as follows: 1. The purple phoenix feather 'x' red plate Talkin 'hybrid combinations Hybrid bagging state, 72 h after pollination can be observed in a small number of pollen tubes entering ovules; open state, enter the number of ovules pollen tube increased. 'The purple phoenix feather' × 'Fengdan' and as the female parent to 'powder Yunu' two hybrid combinations, regardless of their pollination the bagging or maintain open within 72 h after pollination, the parent of this pollen The tube can not reach the ovary, but the stigma surface or style distorted wound or stop growing pollen tube tip branching. Pollen tube during germination, stigmatic papillae cells, pollen tube style cells and are strong callose reaction. 'The powder Yunu' x 'red plate talkin' hybrid combinations in a very small amount of pollen tube to reach the ovule. Using cytological observation the paraffin method on the embryo and endosperm development process in the the female parent natural state, and after hybridization. The results show that: the natural state 'purple phoenix feather' and 'purple phoenix feather' x 'red plate Talkin' hybrid state, the embryos are developing normally, but the experimental material restrictions failed to find the embryonic development of embryos from the rod to the cotyledons parison of the whole process. Endosperm development in the form of a nuclear type endosperm, to experience free nuclear stage and cell stage and found chalazal endosperm haustorium. 2 'the purple phoenix feather' x 'Feng Dan', the 'powder Yunu' natural state, after the the two hybrid combination hybridization as female parent and to 'powder Yunu', the embryos are present the embryo different solution phenomenon. Abortion of embryos and endosperm the flocculent different solution leads to embryo abortion. However, the experiment failed to observe the process of double fertilization, embryonic development abnormalities caused by abnormal double fertilization process remains to be further studied. , Compare different hybrid combinations seed were female parent the 'powder Yunu', the 'purple phoenix feather' natural state statistics and the hybrid combination of pollination bagging solid state rate, the results show that: (1) ' the purple the phoenix feather 'natural state seed rate of 50% -70%; using this experimental hybrid combination of artificial pollination seed rate rose to 70% -80%. (2) 'powder Yunu' natural state under the strong rate of only 13% -15%, although artificial hybridization (in this experiment, seed rate for the 'the powder Yunu' x 'red plate Talkin') has increased, but only 20% -25%. (3) the peony and the 'Fengdan' interspecific hybrid combinations were not hybrid seeds, seed rate of 0. These differences cytological observations. Cytological mechanisms of different hybrid combinations affinity differences: (1) 'purple phoenix feather' × 'red plate Talkin' showed strong hybridization affinity cytological observation is also supported by the results of the affinity , that is: A. 'red plate Talkin' higher pollen viability and germination rate; pollen tube germination of B. stigma can reach the ovule; C. embryos, normal development; (2) 'purple the phoenix feather' × ' the powder Yunu hybrid incompatibility and mainly because male parent pollen sterility, male parent pollen sterility in its pollen microspore mother cell can not be normal meiosis, there are fifth and chromosome bridges anomalies; (3) 'the powder Yunu' × 'red plate Talkin' incompatibility mainly the female parent the stigma identify the role and the sterility of the hybrid embryos, that there are barriers both before and after fertilization; (4) 'Purple phoenix feather , '' Pink Yunu 'as the female parent to parent' Fengdan 'hybrid combinations showed completely interspecific hybridization affinity, mainly because the genetic distance, the presence of distant hybridization barriers. The results of this study laid the foundation for the efficient conduct of the directional hybrid peony. 'Purple phoenix feather' as female parent and hybrid seed rate, good hybrid parents; while 'Pink Yunu' is excellent ornamental traits, but due to pollen sterility as a female parent low hybridization affinity, and therefore does not this unsuitable as hybrid parents take reasonable measures premise.

Related Dissertations

CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Gardening > Ornamental Horticulture ( flowers and ornamental trees) > Perennial Flowers > Perennial Flowers Class > Peony
© 2012 www.DissertationTopic.Net Mobile