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Background and purpose: the 21st century, diabetes mellitus (DM) to become the world's morbidity and mortality, one of the chronic diseases, but its exact pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, in recent years, with the deepening of the study of free radical oxidative damage, confirmed oxidative excited with the development of diabetes and its complications are closely related, and that the common basis of the same pathogenesis of high-sugar damage - oxidative stress. Of diabetes exist oxidative stress injury, caused by complications of diabetes has been widely confirmed, therefore, in the treatment of diabetes and its complications, antioxidant treatment is becoming present concern. Diabetic nephropathy is the most important one of the microvascular disease, the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and the lack of effective treatment, its occurrence is also closely related to oxidative stress, therefore looking for effective anti-oxidative damage drugs to reduce diabetes kidney cell injury, slow deterioration of renal function as a new direction for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. The purpose of this study is to observe the antioxidant lipoic acid (LA) on oxidative stress levels in diabetic rats and its protective effect on the kidney of diabetic rats. Methods: intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model, and diabetic rats were randomly divided into diabetic group (DM) and lipoic acid intervention group (LA group), normal rats served as controls group (NC). After 8 weeks, weighed, measured, blood sugar, blood test serum malondialdehyde (MDA), 24-hour urinary albumin (ALB). Separation of the kidneys, said left kidney weight, renal biopsy, and HE staining and immunohistochemistry renal tissue was detected nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-KB), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), interleukin-1β ( The expression of IL-1β). Results: (1) compared with the NC group, DM group and the LA group rats after 8 weeks of MDA, blood glucose was significantly higher (P lt; 0.05); compared with DM group, the LA group, serum levels of MDA decreased (P lt; 0.05), blood glucose decreased, but no difference in statistical significance (P gt; 0.05). (2) Compared with NC group, DM group and the LA group rat kidney weight, kidney hypertrophy (KW / BW), urinary albumin (ALB) were significantly higher (P lt; 0.05), body weight decreased significantly (P lt Compared with DM group, the LA group kidney hypertrophy index, urine albumin decreased (P lt; 0.05), kidney weight loss, weight gain, but the difference was not statistically significance (P gt; 0.05).; 0.05); (3) NF-KB was the brown particles mainly distributed in the nucleus, TNF-α, IL-1β was the brown particles mainly distributed in the cytoplasm, positive cells mainly glomerular endothelial cells, epithelial cells, mesangial cells NC renal tissue NF-KB, TNF-α, IL-1β expression are weak; compared with the NC group, DM group and the LA group, renal tissue NF-KB, TNF-α IL-1β reduce the average gray value ( P lt; 0.05); compared with DM group, LA renal tissue of NF-KB, TNF-α, IL-1β, the average gray value increased (P lt; 0.05). (4) NC group glomerular volume distribution normal extracellular matrix and mesangial cells, renal interstitial inflammatory cells infiltration, the DM group glomerular volume increases, thickening of the basement membrane mild, a small amount of mesangial matrix , a small amount of mesangial cell proliferation, the LA group than in the DM group morphological abnormalities improve. (5) urine albumin and serum MDA positive linear correlation (r = 0.584, p lt; 0.01), the expression levels of NF-KB and kidney tissue was a negative linear correlation (r = -0.667, p lt; 0.01); serum MDA and renal tissue expression levels of NF-KB was a negative linear correlation (r = -0.589, p lt; 0.01); renal tissue expression levels of NF-KB and TNF-α, IL-1β positive linear correlation (r = 0.795, p lt; 0.01; r = 0.701, p lt; 0.01), related to the 0.05 level (bilateral). Conclusion: diabetic rats in vivo oxidative stress. High blood sugar lead to increased NF-KB, TNF-α, IL-1β expression in renal tissue. Lipoic acid may reduce oxidative stress levels of diabetic rats lowered NF-KB, TNF-α, IL-1β expression in the kidney tissue, thereby reducing urinary albumin to reduce the damage to the renal pathology, and played a renal protective effect.
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