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The Numerical Simulation on Properties of Gravity-type Oil-Water Separator

Author: HouXianRui
Tutor: RenFuAn
School: Dalian Maritime University
Course: Marine Engineering
Keywords: Oil-Water Separation Numerical Simulation Oil Droplets Risen
CLC: U664.9
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 289
Quote: 2
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Abstract


The gravity-type oil-water separator is the main oil-water separation equipment to deal with oil sewage produced by ships. However, because of it’s small dealing volume and low separation efficiency, many of the vessel or port oil-water separators just keep. This needs to develop and design new equipment with high separation efficiency. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method can be used to simulate internal flow field of the oil-water separator and floating trajectory of oil droplets, which offers effective means and methods of designing and optimizing the structure of oil-water separator, predicting the effect of oil-water separation. This paper chooses a gravity-type oil-water separator as research object, studies influence of different internal components to flow characteristics and separation characteristics of oil-water separator and optimizes the structure. The purpose is to provide technical guidance for optimization and maintenance.First of all, this thesis uses CFD software and a two-phase flow model to simulate the distribution of flow field and oil’s concentration field for entrance and steady-flow components components of oil-water separator. By analyzing the calculated results, filters the component with superior performance. The results show that:(1) Adding entrance components can effectively improve the distribution of flow field and slow impact of the flow fluid in separator, which makes the flow field distribute more even and has certain separation effect. This can more conducive to oil-water separation. Among them, the comprehensive performance of hole-box-under inlet component, which has the appropriate porosity, is best. (2) The application of steady-flow components can effectively inhibit vortex, ameliorate flow field distribution and improve the separation effect.Secondly, this paper analyze the oil droplets floating movemnet and simulate the oil droplets trajectory for gravity-type oil-water separator, and studies the influence of oil droplets size and residence time on separation effect. Through simulation we can draw a conclusion:with diameter of oil droplets reducing, the oil-water separation effect decrease significantly; the volume of oil sewage separated is smaller, oil droplets stay longer in oil-water separator and separation effect is better.Thirdly, to improve the separation effect of gravity-type oil-water equipments, coalescence componets is often used in the separator. Adding the coalescence components in the separator can not only change internal flow condition, but also improve the separation efficiency of oil and water. This paper use CFD software to simulate the inclined-plate-type colescense component’s performance and come to conclusion:the application of inclined-plate-type component greatly improve the separation efficiency of oil and water. Angle of inclined plate influence the performance of degreasing, and when the capacity of oil-water separator is settled, it has a best value.

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CLC: > Transportation > Waterway transport > Marine Engineering > Ship machinery > Ship pollution prevention equipment
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