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On the Reliable of Liberty Theory of Locke

Author: ZhangXiaoMin
Tutor: WenBing
School: China University of Political Science
Course: Foreign Philosophy
Keywords: Liberty The Statement of Freedom Equality Social Contract Natural Selection Altruism Universal Darwinism
CLC: D09
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 122
Quote: 0
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Abstract


Preservation, liberty, property rights are basic natural rights, which have close connective relationship with each other. Preservation right is the right for living, property rights is linked with control over treasure and liberty are the right to be equal and to do anything we like under the control of nature law. The three basic rights have proved that all Human beings are born so free and equal that any person could not violated by others.Locke’s liberty theory formatted on the equality concept of Christian, and individualism from the British tradition. Besides, both Thomas Hobbes and Robert Filmer have influenced the establishment of liberty theory of Locke. The book "Two Treatises of Government" is wrote for repelling "patriarchal" from Robert Filmer and Thomas Hobbes’s original statement which believes that human relationships like the war among wolves.The state of human existence has divided into two parts as the natural state, which is origin statement, and civil society by Locke. Furthermore, he believes that individuals always have basic rights, such as preservation, liberty and property rights either in nature statement or civil society statement. Moreover, in civil society, everyone transfers some rights in order to establish social contrasts with the foundation of "consent". At the same time, government is assigned to cooperating relationships according social contrasts in society.However, in the opinion of Universal Darwinism, the formation of social construction and rules is from the gradual accumulation of advantage. The smallest unit for enjoying the benefit is genes, not individuals, not even to say the group as Social Darwinist thought. The genes which have advantage were selected in natural selection, since they could adapt to local environment. The gene advantages would like to appear on individual at the end of selection by genetic and copy, that have made advantages accumulated and expanded.Universal Darwinism believes that a theory is reliable only when it could be proved by the universal evidences. And the formation of social rules is the result of accumulation of advantage. Accumulating Advantage from human gene and social gene plays an important rule in establishing social structure and social rules. Moreover, altruism, which seems paradox, but it could provide more founded assumption for the function of Accumulated Advantage."Natural rights" and "Accumulated Advantage" are two different rules for the formation of social and social rule. However, which plays a more significant role in the process of establishing social and social rules? This article inclines to analysis the reliable of liberty theory of John Locke from Universal Darwinism’s perspective.

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CLC: > Political, legal > Political Theory > History of Political Science,History of Political Thought
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