|
Octylphenol (octylphenol, OP) is a non-ionic surface active agent, is widely used in cleaning agents, paints, cosmetics, pesticides, and the production of other substances. Environmental pollution in a wide range of OP, with easy degradation, toxicity and persistence in vivo accumulation characteristics. Studies have shown that, OP is a class with a strong estrogenic activity of endocrine disruptors (EDCs), by interfering with the endocrine activities affect animal growth and development, gonadal differentiation and endocrine and other physiological activities, the impact will likely pass through the maternal to offspring. Chinese forest frog (Rana chensinensis) is an important economic frogs, their embryonic and larval development environment in the waters of the toxic compounds react more sensitive to water pollution is the ideal toxicology study materials. In this study, Chinese forest frog as objects, explore the OP Rana on China's acute toxicity, and low concentrations of the OP tadpole growth and development, gonadal differentiation and gonadal P450arom expression, and through the female adult offspring larvae detected after exposure The growth and development of the OP turn generational effects. Aims to investigate the phenolic pollutants on amphibian reproductive endocrine disturbance regimes, as well as amphibians ecological environment protection and management to provide a scientific basis. To evaluate the OP Chinese Rana larvae acute toxicity, the 26 tadpoles exposed to a concentration of 5.0 × 10-7 ~ 5.0 × 10-6mol · L-1OP of water for acute toxicity test, calculate the median lethal concentration (LC50) and safe concentration (SC). To explore the SC OP less impact on the growth and development of tadpoles, the 26 tadpoles continuous exposure 10-7,10-8,10-9 mol · L-1OP and 10-710-8mol · L-1 estradiol (E2 ) water until 70% of the tadpoles complete metamorphosis. Statistics tadpoles exposed to 20,40 d and 70% when the tadpoles complete metamorphosis weight and body length, 70% to 38, 42 and tadpole development time required for 46, and the end of the experiment larval survival, sex ratio and gonadal frog in P450arom expression. To evaluate the effect of the OP turn behalf of the adult female frogs exposed to 10-7,10-8,10-9 mol · L-1OP and 10-7,10-8 mol · L-1E2 water 60d. Statistical female frog survival, fecundity and egg hatchability. Subsequently, its 26 minutes of F1 tadpoles two treatments: 1. Continuous exposure, with 10-7,10-8,10-9 mol · L-1OP and 110-7,10-8 mol · L-1E2 F1 to continue processing generation of tadpoles; 2 grouped by maternal exposure concentration, water feeding. Statistics tadpoles exposed to 20,40 d and 70% when the tadpoles complete metamorphosis weight and body length, 70% to 38, 42 and tadpole development time required for 46, and in the exposed end of the experiment statistics larval survival, sex ratio and gonads P450arom expression. Experimental results and conclusions are as follows: 1. Acute toxicity test results show that, OP on China Rana 24,48,72,96 h LC50 values ??of 3.55 × 10-62.96 × 10-6,1.90 × 10-6,1.52 × 10 -6mol · L-1; SC was 1.52 × 10-7mol · L-1. Help the OP Rana has acute toxicity, tadpoles with OP concentration increased mortality and exposure time increases. 2 chronic toxicity test results indicate that the SC the following OP and E2 on China Rana mortality obvious, but to varying degrees can reduce body weight and body length of tadpoles, tadpole developmental delay time, resulting in a small number of tadpoles malformations, increased the proportion of female gonads and induce the expression of P450arom and so on. The OP Rana larval growth, gonadal differentiation and gonadal P450arom expression increases with concentration and obvious. Description Low concentrations of OP and E2 similar to that in a certain range on the growth and development of tadpoles have inhibitory effect on tadpoles gonadal differentiation significantly estrogenic effects. 3 turn-generation effect experiment results show that the sc OP on the following continuous exposure and maternal exposure group in the F1 tadpoles hatching and survival was not obvious, but it can be reduced to different extents tadpole body weight and body length, delaying tadpoles development time, increase the proportion of females, and can induce the formation of chimeric gonads and induce the expression of P450arom frog gonads. OP and E2 treatment concentration is higher, the impact on the F1 generation tadpoles more obvious. The following description of the sc, high concentrations of OP and E2 (10-7mol · L-1) Rana on China's growth and development, gonadal differentiation and gonadal P450arom expression in turn produce significant substitution effect. These results indicate that high concentrations of OP Rana on China have acute toxic effects, could lead directly to death tadpoles; SC or less, low concentrations of OP Contemporary China will not only affect the growth and development of tadpoles of Rana, gonadal differentiation and gonadal P450arom expression but this effect may also be passed from mother to offspring passed, affecting the growth and development of offspring.
|