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Integration of sewage treatment equipment with investment, small footprint, low energy consumption, good effect, easy to manage, etc., is a suitable for China's sewage treatment new direction. Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) is an efficient sewage treatment reactor, the system is simple equipment and processes, high efficiency, and has broad application prospects is a sewage treatment technology. This article explores the reactor start-up, operating characteristics and microbial characteristics, and on this basis to establish a set of optimal model. The main results are as follows: the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor at high concentration organic wastewater as substrate in organic wastewater treatment on the basis of nutrients (N, P) and methane recovery. The effects of different ways, with different load and increase the external circulation of the reactor started. Temperature is maintained at 35 ± 1 ℃, for alkalinity, hydraulic retention time, redox potential, the amount of sludge and other factors affecting the strictly controlled. Studies have shown that the process has a strong processing performance and high stability, the organic load in the system reached 28.78 kgCOD/m3 · d, COD removal rate of about 87%. The trial started on the reactor were discussed, the use of effluent recycle methods (ie, increase the outer loop) is conducive to the reactor start-up, high organic load was significantly accelerated the startup of the reactor. Start around granular sludge microbial properties and some physical and chemical properties have a greater change. Granular sludge particle size between 1-3 mm, a certain thickness of the sludge bed. Anaerobic reactor as an energy efficient sewage treatment equipment, water treatment process undoubtedly occupies an important position, but when it is running, it will produce some methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and other substances. When the temperature is 30 ℃, pH value within the range 6.5-8, the total HRT test with the running of the reactor gradually shortened, the final HRT is 24.4 h, to achieve stable and efficient. In order to provide low oxygen anaerobic environment, especially methane-producing bacteria, the redox potential of the system control -300 mV - 350 mV. Methane gas production accounted for 80% of the total, reaching the purpose of energy recovery. In the course of reactor operation, summed up the monitoring data according to the experimental phenomena and rapid diagnostic system is normal or not approach and take measures as soon as possible to resume its normal operation. For the UASB reactor acidification, while increasing alkalinity and reducing use of load mode, continuous control, sludge methanogenic activity was restored. In order to facilitate control UASB reactor operating parameters to achieve the methanogenic anaerobic biodegradation processes and multi-factor quantitative regulation, segmented impact system works selected main factors pH, alkalinity, influent COD and HRT, using driven by the amount of entries and optimization of adaptive learning rate improved BP algorithm, to establish a structure for the 4-3-1 BP network model, network generalization and prediction with good results. Separation method using the weights of the reactor main factors to sort results UASB each input parameter within the scope of the training data relative importance of pH gt; influent COD gt; HRT gt; alkalinity. The study shows that the proposed treatment process will UASB reactor for biological treatment of organic waste and energy recovery technology coupled together, both to strengthen the function of anaerobic treatment, while efficient use of energy, sewage treatment technology direction of development, has a high value in engineering applications.
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