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Study on Ecophenotype and Biological Behaviral of Calliptamus Italicus

Author: ZhangYang
Tutor: ZhangZeHua
School: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Course: Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control
Keywords: Calliptamus italicus ecological type morphometrics ultastructure biological behavior
CLC: S433.2
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 105
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Abstract

As one of the most important insect pest, Calliptamus italicus has the behavior of aggregation and migration, causing great damage to the agriculture production. To reduce the damage caused by Calliptamus italicus, its ecophenotype and biological behavioral were studied in the article. We used numerical analysis method to compare the morphometrics of gregarious and solitary phase of Calliptamus italicus. Flight ability of locust is affected by the flight muscle, and the ultrastructure of 1,4,7,10and 13 day-old adult are observed by microscopy. Cage method and artificial simulated method were used to investigate the feeding characteristics、food consumption and the yield damage of Calliptamus italicus.The morphometrics of gregarious phase and solitary phase of Calliptamus italicus were analysed by numerical taxonomy method: length、elytron length、height of head、maximum width of head、pronotum length、pronotum height、pronotum width、posterior femur length、femur widthti and bia length.Results of analysis of variance indicated that 10 morphological indices were significantly different(P<0.05) between the gregarious phase and solitary phase of Calliptamus italicus,especially eleytron length,femur length.Among the morphological ratio,the distinguish effect of the E/F ratio was significant,and the E/F ratio of gregarious phase and solitary phase of Calliptamus italicus were 1.42～1.94 and 0.90～1.39,respectively.The E/F ratio can be used as the morphological phase indicates for phase transformation.We used the electron microscope to examine the ultrastructure of flight muscle of gregarious and solitary phase of Calliptamus italicus. The results showed that development of flight muscle was a gradual process, and its differentiation did not be finished until the 7 days after the eclosion. The myofibrils diameter、sarcomere length、mitochondrion contents in the cell changed with the age of Calliptamus italicus increasing. The myofibrils diameter value was: 0.7-1.4μm, and the development condition between the gregarious and solitary phase was the same, except the 10 and 13 days after the eclosion.The number of primary flament changed to gregarious and solitary phase, but there is not a big difference in the ages. Sarcomere length (2.2-3.8μm) of 1 day-old adults in the gregarious is longer than that in the solitary phase, but shorter in other days. The change tendency of sarcomere were almost accordant between greagarious and solitary phase. The shape value of mitochondrion was: 0.49×0.31μm-2.0×1.8μm, and the shape、mitochondrion content.et al were gradually changeable with differences. Mitochondrion content of 13 day-old adults in the gregarious was lower than that in the solitary phase, but higher on other days.Cover cage method was used to investigate the nymph population densities of Calliptamus italicus on the shift: its gregarious type to the solitary type. The results showed that the time locust transformation needed was different, according to the density conditions.The higher density, the higher transform speed. Gregarious individualism turned up when the population density came up to 12t/㎡;the gregarious type phase constituted more than 50%, when the population density came up to 30t/㎡. The feeding characteristics of the adult of Callipatamus italicus was: Frigida Willd>Medicago falcate L.>Deserta Schang>Artemisia desterorum spremg>Phlomis unbrosa Turcz>Altaicus(Willd.) Novopokr>Achnatherum regelicanum>Festuca Li=Cristarum(Linn), while that of solitary type phase was: Frigida Willd>Medicago falcate L.>Artemisia desterorum spremg>Deserta Schang>Phlomis unbrosa Turcz>Altaicus(Willd.) Novopokr>Achnatherum regelicanum>Festuca Li=Cristarum(Linn). The average food consumption of Calliptamus italicus increased with age growth. Cage method and artificial method were both used to research the yield damage caused by Calliptamus italicus in different density, the value of R is 0.93072, which were significant correlation.

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Plant Protection > Pest and Disease Control > Plant pest and its control > Orthoptera insects
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