Dissertation > Excellent graduate degree dissertation topics show

Preparation and Effects with Degrading Enzymes of Organophosphorus Pesticides

Author: BianZhengMin
Tutor: ZhangHao
School: Jilin Agricultural University
Course: Pesticides
Keywords: Amur Pseudomonas Organophosphorus pesticide -degrading enzyme Cell disruption Enzyme preparations Degradation
CLC: X592
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 131
Quote: 1
Read: Download Dissertation

Abstract

Organophosphorus pesticide chemical pesticides used more widely used class of pesticides, chlorpyrifos as organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, because of its efficient, broad-spectrum, common in agriculture. But the the organophosphorus pesticides pollution problems caused by growing, has now become the outstanding problems in the world food and the environment. Organophosphorus pesticides inhibit acetylcholinesterase organisms principle, have done great harm bioconcentration in the food chain, can cause deformities such as humans and animals, resulting in the increase of the probability of cancer, or even cause mutations phenomenon. Efficient organic phosphorus degrading bacteria, the use of biodegradable technology organophosphorus pesticide-degrading enzyme degradation of chlorpyrifos. To Amur Pseudomonas intracellular bacteria material JHY01, the the bacterial intracellular enzyme extraction method and process, developed a formula of organophosphorus pesticide liquid enzyme preparations, the determination of its stability, while the crude enzyme and enzyme preparations degradation effect were evaluated to obtain the following results: 1. the JHY01 bacteria and intracellular enzyme extract: Different Extraction Methods The experimental results show that the ultrasonication method bacterial cell disruption method is more efficient than a bead mill and chemical permeation method extracted high protein content of the crude enzyme solution, 14.9 g / L; chemical penetration extraction effect than sonication method is slightly lower, the protein content of the crude enzyme solution of 12.84g / L, bead milling the crude enzyme solution lowest protein, only 0.128 g / L. Measuring chemical permeation method crude enzyme activity was 73.05%. Analyzing, whereby the use of chemical permeation method broken strain JHY01 effect preferably have a higher activity of the crude enzyme solution can be obtained, the amount of the crude enzyme solution obtained by the extraction method is also more ultrasonic crushing method. Chlorpyrifos on cucumber seedlings growth and injury repair: bioassay results showed that chlorpyrifos cucumber plant height, whole plant fresh weight, root (root length, lateral root length and number of lateral roots), stem length, leaf fresh weight, leaf area, and form parts of the growth affects both within the range of 0 to 80 mg / kg, the higher the concentration, the pro forma growth is more obvious. The data analysis found that chlorpyrifos on cucumber seedlings root length, lateral root length and leaf area more seriously affected inhibitory concentration (EC50) of 13.5 mg / kg, 10 mg / kg and 16mg/kg. Repair the injury of cucumber seedlings with a crude enzyme solution, the better. (3) of organophosphorus pesticide liquid enzyme preparation Preparation and determination of stability: the the enzyme protective effect of chemical substances such as CAN, NYG, DUBE, Erol and OSTC content filter and single enzyme protecting agent crude enzyme solution was determined degradation effects, to determine the content of the protective agent parameters. 7d crude enzyme solution degradation rate remained stable at between 72.81% -84.89%. Determined according to the content of parameters the recipe and content of the enzyme preparation. The stability of the enzyme preparation Experimental results show that the enzyme preparation at 25 ° C to -40 ° C does not significantly inactivation, degradation rate is higher; illumination had no significant effect on the enzyme preparation; saved three months after the degradation rate is still high, at 61.15%. Liquid enzyme preparations degradation Rating: HPLC liquid enzyme preparation in the soil and cucumber seedling plants on the degradation of chlorpyrifos, results showed that the liquid enzyme preparation in the soil the 10d degradation rate of 88.71% ; sprayed on cucumber seedlings concentration of 60 mg / kg of chlorpyrifos degradation rate of 72.61% after 12h, 1d after the degradation rate of 77.46%.

Related Dissertations

CLC: > Environmental science, safety science > Environmental pollution and its prevention > Agricultural chemicals,toxic chemicals, pollution and its prevention
© 2012 www.DissertationTopic.Net Mobile