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Soy is one of the world's five crops, it is very important plant protein and oil resources, is an important quality industrial raw materials, countries around the world attach great importance to the comprehensive utilization and development of soybean. The economic value of soybean greater extent depends on its protein content, protein content is a measure of the level of the merits of the important indicators of the quality of soybean. Our country is the origin of cultivated soybean, with the most abundant cultivated soybean, wild soybean resources. But as both belong to the wild soybean and cultivated soybean protein has a big difference, and the formation mechanism of both proteins have an important relationship. Wild soybeans with high protein content, wide adaptability, strong resistance, etc., wild soybean protein characteristic of this is the future of high-protein soybean breeding traits are most needed. This study selected three different protein content of soybean varieties: high protein wild soybean, common wild soybean and cultivated soybean, a detailed analysis of soybean varieties in different growth stages leaf nitrogen metabolites (nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen content, free amino acids and soluble protein content) and the nitrogen cycle key enzyme - changes in nitrate reductase activity, and protein content of different soybean varieties SSR molecular markers. Physiological and biochemical point of view and from the perspective of molecular biology nitrogen metabolism of different varieties of soybean protein variation and high protein content of wild soybean seed formation mechanism. The results are as follows: 1, in the whole growth process, the seedling nitrate reductase activity and nitrate content, and have reached the lowest value to maturity, both changes are substantially reduced tendency; nitrite content highest maturity, initial pod minimum; free amino acid content of the highest flowering; soluble protein content in the early pod reached the highest values. 2, each growth period in the soybean seedling nitrate reductase activity and grain protein content was negatively correlated with other periods showed a positive correlation; branching stage of nitrite nitrogen content and free amino acids, flowering and maturity both the soluble protein content and grain protein content into a highly significant positive correlation; while the nitrate content of grain protein content and no obvious correlation. 3, screened 12 pairs of SSR primers from 24 parts of soybean material were detected 87 alleles per SSR locus alleles ranged from 4 to 10 with an average of 7.2500; total number of effective alleles 60.2196, an average of 5.0183, representing the number of alleles observed in 69.2%; Shannon-weaver index ranged from 1.2389 ~ 2.1662, averaging 1.6933; Nei highest expected heterozygosity was 0.8750, a minimum of 0.6372, the average value of 0.7755. 4,24 parts of soybean material genetic similarity coefficient range :0.000-0.895, which ZYD00857 and ZYD01251 maximum genetic similarity coefficient for 0.895, ZYD05610 and ZYD01018 lowest at 0.000. In the genetic similarity coefficient was 0.165, NTSYS software clustering 24 parts of soybean material into three categories: the first category, three of cultivated soybean, protein content of less than and greater than 45.4% of the wild soybean 2 copies; second categories, 15 parts of a 45.4% protein content than wild soybean protein content of 45.07% and a wild soybean ZYD01040; third category, a very low protein content of wild soybean ZYD05610. This shows through in order to establish the basis of SSR markers dendrogram of the most diverse protein Soybean Germplasm separate.
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