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Purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the the Clinical most common gastrointestinal malignancy, mortality upward trend seriously affect the health of the people, the reason may be related with no means of early diagnosis and assessment of prognosis. The imbalance of apoptosis and proliferation can promote the formation of colorectal tumors, Smad7, the C-myc by promoting cell proliferation, Cox-2 through the inhibition of apoptosis can be to promote the formation of colorectal tumors. C-myc, the role of Cox-2 in colorectal tumors have been reported, and domestic Smad7 study reported little on the role of colorectal tumors. Joint detection Smad7, C-myc, Cox-2 on colorectal cancer, colorectal adenomas role in the study have not yet been reported. Through joint detection of Smad7 in the study, C-myc, Cox-2 in colorectal adenomas, colorectal cancer, the expression, and to analyze the relationship between the three colorectal cancer clinical data, to explore the three with colorectal cancer and colorectal adenomas Relations and the correlation of the three. Experimental Methods: Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 2009-2010, 50 patients with pathologically confirmed as the the archive organization colorectal wax block, are accompanied by full clinical data, the fifth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging TNM staging; 60 cases of colorectal adenoma, tubular adenoma, tubular villous adenoma, villous adenoma, 20 cases; 20 cases of normal colon tissue taken from a distance outside end of colorectal 5cm colon tissue as normal controls. Immunohistochemical EnVision two-step assay of Smad7, C-myc, Cox-2 expression in colorectal cancer, colorectal adenomas and normal colorectal tissue, and analysis of the relationship of the three clinical and pathological data and the correlation among. Statistical Methods: All results were compared using SPSS16.0 software for statistical analysis, inspection level α = 0.05. Count data applications X2 test; application Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results: 1 Smad7 positive expression rates of colorectal adenomas were 72%, 61.7%, and 25% in normal tissues, the differences among the three groups was statistically significant (P lt; 0.001); Smad7 in colorectal cancer expression in colorectal adenomas were higher than normal tissue, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01), further analysis found that Smad7 expression between adenoma and colorectal cancer was no significant difference (p = 0.253). Smad7 expression with the degree of tumor differentiation and is closely related to the depth of invasion in well-differentiated and poorly differentiated colorectal tissue, Smad7 positive expression rate of 54.2% and 88.5%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01) serosal layer and infiltration the serosal layer colorectal cancer tissues, the positive expression rates of 40% and 85.7%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01). Smad7 expression in colorectal cancer and the patient's age, gender, tumor size, location, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, etc. related to sex (P gt; 0.05). 2 C-myc positive expression rate of adenomas, colorectal cancer tissues were 30%, 50%, is not expressed in normal colorectal tissue, the differences among the three groups was statistically significant (P lt; 0.001). C-myc expression in colorectal cancer, colorectal adenomas were higher than normal tissue, and the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01), C-myc expression in adenocarcinoma adenomas were significantly different (P lt ; 0.05). Further analysis showed that the C-myc expression with the degree of tumor differentiation in colorectal cancer, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage and other related. C-myc group in poorly differentiated colorectal cancer tissue positive expression rate was 65.4%, significantly higher than the score of 33.3%, the III IV period colorectal tissues, the positive expression rate was 71.4%, significantly higher than the I-II 34.5% of the period, colorectal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis group, the positive rate was 68.4%, 38.7% higher than the group without lymph node metastasis, and the differences were statistically significant (P lt; 0.05). And C-myc expression in colorectal cancer and the patient's age, gender, location, tumor size, depth of invasion, showed no sex (p gt; 0.05). 3 Cox-2 positive expression rates of colorectal adenomas, colorectal carcinoma were 46.7%, 70%, and 15% in normal tissues, the differences among the three groups was statistically significant (P lt; 0.001). Cox-2 expression in colorectal adenomas in colorectal cancer, are higher than normal tissue, the difference was statistically significance (P lt; 0.01, P lt; 0.05) between adenocarcinoma and adenoma significant differences (P lt; 0.05). Further analysis revealed that Cox-2 positive expression in colorectal cancer tissue in poorly differentiated group rate is 88.5%, significantly higher than the 50% of the group of well-differentiated, positive expression rate was 85.7% in colorectal cancer tissue in the III-IV phase group was significantly higher In Phase I II 58.6%, positive colorectal carcinoma with lymph node metastasis group was 89.5%, higher than the 58.1% of the patients without lymph node metastasis group, the differences were statistically significant (P lt; 0.05). Cox-2 expression in colorectal cancer and the patient's age, gender, location, tumor size, depth of invasion, showed no significant correlation (p gt; 0.05). 4 Smad7, C-myc, Cox-2 in tubular adenoma, tubular villous adenoma, villous adenoma between expression rates were: 55%, 60%, 70%; 20%, 30%, 40% ; 25%, 55%, 60%, respectively. Smad7, C-myc, Cox-2 expression in the three groups had no significant difference (p gt; 0.05). 5 Smad7, C-myc and Cox-2 expression in colorectal cancer was positively correlated with the correlation coefficients were the 0.28,0.283 (P lt; 0.05); the expression of Smad7 and C-myc was positively related to the correlation coefficient is 0.476 (P lt; 0.01). Conclusions: 1 of Smad7, C-myc, increased expression of Cox-2 in colorectal tumors, suggesting that Smad7, C-myc may promote the proliferation of colorectal tumors and Cox-2 may inhibit apoptosis in colorectal tumors were promoted colon tumorigenesis. 2 Smad7 expression and colorectal degree of differentiation, depth of invasion-related; differentiation is lower, the deeper the depth of invasion, the higher the expression of Smad7 expression. C-myc expression with the degree of differentiation of colorectal cancer, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, etc. related. Differentiation of the lower, TNM staging more night with lymph node metastasis, higher C-myc expression the prompt of Smad7, C-myc may be related to the prognosis of colorectal cancer. 3 Cox-2 expression and colorectal cancer differentiation, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, etc. related. Differentiation of colorectal cancer is lower, TNM staging more night with lymph node metastasis, the higher the expression of Cox-2, suggesting that Cox-2 may have some help in assessing the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. 4 Smad7, C-myc, Cox-2 in colorectal cancer between any two there are positively correlated, suggesting that Smad7, C-myc possible through the proliferation of colorectal tumors as well as Cox-2 possibly through inhibition of apoptosis in colon tumor play an important synergies in the development process; joint detection of Smad7, C-myc, Cox-2 may be in the evaluation of patients with colorectal cancer prognosis and reasonable choice of treatment will definitely help.
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