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The new-type insurance system for rural old residents China is carrying out is a new account model combined basic pension and individual account together. Comparing with the old accumulated type of insurance, this new model fully reflects the government’s responsibility, and mobilizes the initiative of rural residents, so it’s warmly welcomed by them. However, at the urgent time of aging, it’s high time to built agricultural insurance system balancing urban and rural development. Under this circumstance, how to avoid the failure of the old model, and achieve the sustainable development of the new system? Around the above facts, this thesis attempts to clarify the connotation , necessity ,and three basic rules of the sustainable development of the new type agricultural insurance system based on the theory of sustainable development and the social security-related theories. Through the survey research to the experimental units, upon three basic rules of economy, society and system, the thesis concludes six problems effecting the sustainable development of the new type agricultural insurance system, in the fields of local finance, government service, peasants’willing, the connection with other systems, fund supervision and management, and legal safeguard. Also, the thesis proposes and argues for a countermeasure: differentiating local financial subsidies, building new agricultural insurance elastic account, implementing comprehensive payment incentives, creating agricultural insurance system at the provincial level, building multi-supervision of funds and comprehensive investment mechanism, establishing legal protection system, and offering comprehensive modernized services for peasants.
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