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Bio-toxic Effect of Polycyclicaromatic Hydrocarbons on Plant

Author: YinDongXue
Tutor: SuYuHong
School: Xinjiang University
Course: Chemistry
Keywords: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pyrene anthracene Arabidopsis thaliana antioxidases
CLC: X173
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 44
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Abstract


PAHs are a class of organic contaminants in environment. PAHs can cause monstrosity, cancer and mutation, and widespread concern. There is great threat to human health. In this study, Arabidopsis was choosen as the material and ubiquitous four-ring PAHs pyrene and three-ring PAHs anthracene was looked as the representative of PAHs, the growth, cell ultra-structure and physiological response of Arabidopsis to PAHs stress under the solid MS medium culturing condition with different PAHs concentration were analyzed to illustrate the toxicity of PAHs to plant. The main results were listed as follows:1. The growth of Arabidopsis was inhibited by pyrene stress. The stress symptoms appeared as: plant growth rate was reduced, leaves lessened with etiolation. The root growth of Arabidopsis thaliana was enhanced under lower pyrene concentration but was inhibited under higher pyrene concentration. Leaf morphology in A.thaliana and the trichomes became deformity with increasing concentrations of pyrene. After exposure to pyrene for 28 days, the photosynthetic process was inhibited at 0.25 mmol·L-1 of pyrene and chlorophyll content in A.thaliana leaves were decreased significantly. The activities of POD, SOD and APX in A.thaliana leaves were significantly increased with the increasing concentrations of pyrene. CAT activities were increased under lower concentration but decreased under higher concentrations. Average H2O2 contents in A.thaliana leaves of different pyrene treatments were higher than those in the control. Damaged ultrastructures of the chloroplasts in leaves of A.thaliana under pyrene stress were observed and photosynthesis was inhibited significantly.2. The growth of Arabidopsis was inhibited by Anthracene stress. The stress symptoms appeared as: plant growth rate was reduced, leaves diminished and lessened with etiolation, root system was short. After exposure to anthracene for 28 days, the photosynthetic process was inhibited at 0.10 mmol·L-1 of anthracene and chlorophyll content in A.thaliana leaves were decreased significantly. The activities of SOD、CAT and APX in A.thaliana leaves were increased under lower concentration but decreased under higher concentrations, then reached the highest on 0.05 mmol·L-1, POD activities reached the highest on 0.10 mmol·L-1. Average H2O2 contents in A.thaliana leaves of higher anthracene treatments were higher than those in the control; MDA contents were significantly higher than those in the control, lipid peroxidation was increased. Soluble sugar content in A.thaliana leaves were decreased significantly by anthracene stress, the resistance was poor in A.thaliana to anthracene.

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