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Experimental and Numerical Simulation on Smoke Movement in the Fires in Underground Garages

Author: YuLiNa
Tutor: ZhaoLei
School: Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology
Course: Heating,Gas Supply, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Engineering
Keywords: Underground garage Flue gas flow Car access frequency Model test FDS numerical simulation
CLC: TU998.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 122
Quote: 0
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Abstract


The underground garage has closed characteristics, poorly ventilated garage, easily lead to the accumulation of oil vapor explosion triggered a fire. The reasonable design of ventilation and smoke control to ensure the air quality within the underground garage and fire safety standards is very important, so research is necessary to conduct regular reasonable amount of underground garage ventilation the computing and fire smoke flow. At home and abroad on the underground garage ventilation rate calculation There are many ways, the results varied. Studies have shown that the the diluted concentration calculated results than accurate. Car access frequency is an important parameter, but there is still a lack of domestic norms established based on field research and access for the garage frequency database. Therefore, through research, Xi'an four representative underground garage to get the the Xi'an area garage car access frequency in the range of 0.25-1.35. Peak when car access frequency degrees into the underground garage ventilation rate of air changes per diluted concentrations Act 4 times / h, under normal circumstances, to the amount of ventilation intermittent operation of ventilation systems to meet the requirements of hygiene standards. Further explore the fire safety requirements for air changes / h ventilation rate can meet the underground garage fire. Use of existing laboratory bench scale model test of underground garage fire, to carry out a the mechanical exhaust fire test natural smoke and the amount of smoke. The test results calculation results are in good agreement with the empirical formula, that the underground garage model experiments can effectively predict the underground garage fire in the flue gas flow. The test conditions and not a comprehensive study of the impact of various factors on the underground garage fire smoke flow. Therefore, the choice of the numerical simulation FDS5.0 software test. First, the numerical simulation of the model test conditions, the simulation results and experimental results were compared to verify the reliability of the software simulation. Then, further simulation study of the underground garage of the large size of the flue gas flow and control the amount of smoke, the intensity of the fire source, the location of the source of fire smoke layer development and fire control law, the underground garage fire smoke the diffusion diagram of the temperature distribution of the gas concentration, and flue gas flow rate in Fig. The results show that: increase the amount of smoke to reduce flue gas temperature has little effect, but can effectively reduce the gas concentration and improve visibility in the garage, but the smoke is too large can lead to flue gas rate of decline accelerated, the best row The ventilation frequency corresponding to the amount of smoke to 6 times / h; fire source is located in the position of the space center fire hazard largest. Have certain guiding significance of this research work underground garage fire ventilation and smoke control design.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Building Science > Municipal Engineering > Other municipal works and utility equipment > Fire control
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