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On the stone coffin tomb in Taiwan

Author: KongMengYue
Tutor: YangZuo
School: Central University for Nationalities
Course: Archaeology and Museology
Keywords: Taiwan area Stone-cist Coffins cultural features
CLC: K878.8
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 53
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Abstract


This research on the Stone-cist Coffins in Taiwan, partitioned by stages and areas, relies on the methodology of archaeological stratigraphy, archaeological typology and cultural factors analysis. Stone-cist Coffins in Taiwan can be partitioned by three different areas, the east coast of Taiwan, the middle part of Taiwan and the southern part of Taiwan. I draw a conclusion through the discussion and analysis from the aspects below:From the structure of the Stone-cist coffins, Beinan site of Beinan Culture has the most complicated structure which includes cover boards, lateral plates of four sides, bottom plates, cross plates and coaks. Also, it can be divided into six types. "Cross plates" appear in Beinan site of Beinan Culture only and "the coaks" appear in late Beinan Culture of the late period of Neolithic and Sanhe Culture of Chalcolithic Culture, which can be found along the east coast of Taiwan only. The structure of the Stone-cist Coffins are very simple both in Niuchouzi Culture and Damalin Culture.Both Niuchouzi Culture and Beinan Culture have grave-goods, which differ in categories. Shell-made artifacts are only found in Niuchouzi Culture, just like jade-made artifacts in Beinan Culture. Generally speaking, Damalin Culture have little grave-goods.Crunches with straight limbs (yangshenzhizhizang仰身直肢葬) is the mainstream burial pattern in different archaeological cultures. Specially, besides single body burial (dantizang单体葬), Beinan culture also has complex burial (futizang复体葬), which appears very late and is one of the most special features of Beinan culture.I also find some interesting burial customs. Niuchouzi culture and Beinan culture has the tradition of dental extraction that they mainly removed the symmetrical incisor and canine in the maxillary.Totally, Stone-cist Coffins practices’interior burial’. However, present published datas cannot prove that Beinan Culture implement ’interior burial’. We can safely say that small Stone-cist Coffins practices ’interior burial’in early Damalin Culture, but this phenomenon disappeared in the late period.As for the relationship between different cultures in Taiwan area, it is hard to see direct cultural transmission. Judging from the cultural features of Stone-cist Coffins, it is safe to say that Beinan Culture greatly affected Damalin Culture and Sanhe Culture. However, the evidence is not enough to prove that the latter is the descendant of the forth. Contrasting with similar remains of the Mainland, Taiwan area seemingly has its own system and showing no cultural transmission.Moreover, the direction of the Stone-cist Coffins is northeast-southwest-alignment, showing high conformity. The figure of the host is facing south. The splice fashion has the priority of’south’. Basing on that, I conclude that’Heading South’has special meaning in Beinan Culture.

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CLC: > History, geography > Cultural Relics and Archaeology > China 's Cultural Relics and Archaeology > Ruins > Tombs, burial
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