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Geothermal resources as a new green mineral energy will play an important role in the national economy. However, the development and use of the process, may produce thermal pollution, noise pollution, air pollution, chemical pollution and land subsidence affecting the ecological environment. Guanzhong Basin reserves rich in geothermal resources, and regional development of the geothermal resources are mainly used in the bath, a small amount used for heating and planting and breeding industry, far, geothermal developers take advantage of most of limited direct draw underground hot water, thermal energy use of after the end of the drainage from the primary stage, rarely recharge reuse, geothermal resources development and utilization of the effects on the environment arising from the research currently involved few. Therefore, to carry out the the Guanzhong Basin geothermal resource development and utilization has important practical significance of the environmental impact studies for the rational utilization of geothermal resources and protect the environment and safeguard human health. In this thesis, the the Guanzhong Basin of Baoji temperature ditch Meixian Tangyu Lam Tin Tangyu, Xi'an Dong Da Wo Hop Yang East king five regional focus, surface water, ground water, ground water, soil, and crops were collected through field research, 99 fish samples to obtain the raw data of 3474. On this basis, the analysis of the impact of the development and utilization of geothermal resources in the ecological environment of water, soil, crops, fish, made meaningful results. (1) The Guanzhong Basin geothermal water fluoride is the biggest factor affecting the environment, surface water and groundwater in the other the superscalar component with geothermal water regardless of the development and utilization of the development and utilization of geothermal water has little effect on surface water, groundwater No impact. (2) mining areas, topsoil As, Cr content with increased soil pH decreased gradually concentrated in the geothermal water, arable layer of soil Cu, Pb, Zn constantly adsorption accumulation of lead content increased. The development and utilization of geothermal cause toxic metal elements gradually enriched soil, if it continues to land hot water irrigated farmland, As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn elements may further migration to the aquifer, affecting groundwater quality. (3) the development and utilization of geothermal water in a certain impact on crops fluoride and As, Cr, Cd, Pb, element content increased, the general rule is greater than the rice corn, greater than fruit plants, the roots than in stems and Ye, geothermal tail water irrigation has adverse effects on crops. (4) the Guanzhong Basin geothermal water in the fluoride content of 1.87mg / L ~ 17.90mg / L, fish with hot water, fluoride in fish accumulate fluoride enrichment patterns between different species Luo fish gt; the grass carp gt; carp, the fish in the distribution pattern of fluoride Last gt; gill gt; meat, fluoride content exceeds Aquatic safety requirements, long-term consumption, will be adversely affected human health; geothermal water Pb, Cd and other heavy metals in fish have varying degrees of enrichment, individual elements the content exceeds Aquatic safety requirements, there are health and safety risks.
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