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Study on the Characteristics and Significance of the Algae, Physical and Chemical Factors in Ballast Water

Author: ZhuYue
Tutor: LiChao
School: Xiamen University
Course: Marine geology
Keywords: ballast water exotic species algae ecological factors CDOM
CLC: X55
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 112
Quote: 1
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Abstract


The harmful species isolated in different geographical zone can spread to other sea areas by the ballast water discharged from the international ships have been considered as the one of the four most serious threats by the World Environment Foundation. Ecological factors of ballast water are analysed and the species diversity and the abundance characteristics of phytoplankton from the ballast water and sediment are investigated. These results are compared with those of China sea areas in shore. Combining with the latest research progresses in this field, the potential danger and the possibility of the exotic phytoplankton spread through ballast water are discussed in the paper. What is more, the feasibility of identifying the source of ballast water using CDOM absorbtion and fluorescence characteristics are also explored, which can provide one technique support method and theory foundation for ballast water source identification. The major results were as follows:1, Comparing the current sampling methods of ballast water and sediment, we select a new ballast water and sediment sampler （Patent NO. 200510075601.X） to collect thirty ballast water samples from twenty-seven ballasts of nine international ships during the period of October, 2007 to April, 2008.2, The ecological factors of these ballast water samples are tested, which is compared with those of Xiamen Harbor sea water. The results show that the numerical value of major ecological factors, including water temperature, salinity,pH, DO, NO3--N, NH4+-N and PO43--P have great variable range, but are still in therange of ecological factors of normal sea water.3, Seven genera of dinoflagellate and cysts including three toxic speices and three harmful red tide causative species were identified: Alexandrium tamarense （Lebour） Balech**、Dinophysis acuminata Claparede et Lechmann**、Gonyaulax verior Sournia*、Gymnodinium catenatum Graham**、Prorocentrum micans Ehrenberg*、Prorocentrum sp.、Protoperidinium conicum （Gran） Balech、Protoperidinium sp.、Scrippsiella trochoidea （Stein） Loeblich*. 117 diatom species including varible speices and cysts belonging to 37 genera were identified and 48 unidentified diatom species were observed. Among the diatom species,28 speices belonging to 17 genera are the red tide species. It is worth to be noticed that Neodelphineis pelagica is firstly recorded in China sea area.4, We have studied the Colored Dissolved Organic Matter （CDOM） characteristic of the ballast water samples. Use the CDOM tracing method: analysis light absorption of the sample’s CDOM from various ballast tanks water, fit absorption coefficient a （280） and spectrum slope S value through misalignmen return. At the same time, the analysis CDOM’s three dimensional fluorescence spectrum （EMMs） characteristics from different route ships’ ballast, unifies other targets （for example salinity and so on）, could judge ballast water exchangment （BWE） whether or not do conform to the international convention open sea exchange articles.

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