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As the rapid development of China’s economic construction and the significantly increase of urban water demand, the distance of water getting farther and farther. However, long-distance water pipeline accident was the prevailing situation of water supply industry, and at present, there are no systematic study in long-distance water pipeline leakage and burst incident. Also the solution of Cavities and water hammer is a very complex issue, which is still in-depth study. To fundamentally solve the accident problem long-distance water pipelines should be analysed on the cause and mechanism of the accident, so as to selec the incident control methods to provide a targeted measure.In this paper, theory of scientific research will be used in practical work, in order to solve practical problems in engineering, provide effective tools and methods.First of all, through the synthesis of Department on the current long-distance water pipeline leakage causes, in the aspect of design, construction and maintenance, Proposing technical measures to reduce the leakage.Secondly, for the situation of long-distance water pipelines burst, analysing its stress changes and fluid flow, and seting up unsteady hydraulic model. Then, the unsteady hydraulic model will be solved implemently by using Matlab programming tools with examples of long-distance water pipelines, and the protection will be propdsed to against very large breakage of Cavities and water hammer.
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