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Cue-elicited Craving of Heroin Addicts at Different Abstinent Time: An fMRI Study

Author: WangErLei
Tutor: LouMingWu
School: Zunyi Medical College,
Course: Medical Imaging and Nuclear Medicine
Keywords: Abstinence Cue-reactivity Craving heroin dependence fMRI
CLC: R749.64
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 1
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Abstract


Objective:Exposure to heroin-related cues can trigger craving and relapse in heroin addicts. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of short-term heroin abstinence and long-term heroin abstinence on brain responses to heroin-related cues using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI).Methods:Eighteen male heroin addicts at short-term abstinent time and nineteen male heroin addicts at long-term abstinent time underwent fMRI scanning while subjects viewed heroin-related and neutral images. In addition, subjective cue-elicited craving and withdrawal symptoms were measured.Results:Following short-term abstinence, greater activation was found in response to heroin cues compared to control cues in occipital(BA 19/37/39),temporal(BA 21), parietal (BA 7/31), hippocampus, posterior cingulate(BA 23/29) and Cerebellum cortical regions. In contrast, activations in occipital(BA19),temporal(BA21),hippocampus and deactivations in frontal (BA 6/8/9), posterior cingulate(BA 23/29), dorsal striatum and insula were observed following long-term abstinence. Direct comparisons between conditions (short-term abstinent vs. long-term abstinent) showed greater brain reactivity in response to smoking cues following short-term abstinence. In addition, heroin addicts following short-term abstinence have more serious withdrawal symptoms than the long-term.Conclusion:The present findings indicate that long-term abstinence(vs short-term abstinence)significantly decreases neural responses to heroin-related cues in brain regions subserving visual sensory processing, attention, memory and action planning. Moreover, decreased withdrawal symptoms were observed following long-term abstinence.These findings suggest that long-term abstinence can decreases the salience of conditioned cues and the possibility of relapse.

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