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Cooperative Learning in Perspective of Motivational Theories

Author: TongQiaoPing
Tutor: WangXiaoMing
School: East China Normal University
Course: Curriculum and Pedagogy
Keywords: cooperative learning motivational theories
CLC: G420
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 961
Quote: 8
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Abstract


Cooperative learning is one of the main learning styles that are advocated by the new round basic education curriculum reform in China. Many research identified that cooperative learning must be characterized by group aim, positive interaction, positive interdependence, individual accountability, heterogeneous team, equal chance of success. And the reseach on cooperative learning suggests that cooperative learning provides students with some advantages, such as enhangcing score, self-esteem, confidence, and develop positive attitude toward learning, high reasoning ability. The unique characteristics and advantages of cooperative learning attract more and more researchers putting efforts into research on cooperative learning.After the concept and methods of cooperative learning being recognized, many teachers or researchers apply cooperative learning into each subject. At present, most research on cooperative learning focus on the type of application, few about theoretic discussion. Because being lack of theoretic discussion cooperative learning in classroom hasn’t showed its advantages. Theory is foundation for practice. If we don’t strengthen theoretic discussion about cooperative learning, effective performance won’t happan. The presime for cooperative learning is ’only you want to learn, you could learn well’. The premise is related to motivation. So researching and analyzing motivation becomes one of the first important things. With the new development of motivation, original research on motivation can’t explain or support cooperative learning as an effective teaching strategy fully. So the first thing we should do is explain cooperative learning fully with motivational theories. In order to demonstrate that cooperative learning deserves to advocate, we use relative motivational theories to explain the superiority of cooperative learning. According to motivational theories, we put forward some practical strategies to promote cooperative learning.The thesis is divided into four parts.The first part is an introduction to the thesis. Introduce the thesis’s investigation background : the eigth new curriculum reform that advocates learning styles of self-independence, cooperaion and exporations. The researh approaches of thesis include literature search and examples of case. Finally, it ponts out the whole thesis centers on two problems: One is how motivational theories explain cooperative learning fully? The other is how to promote cooperative learning using motivational theories?The second part is searching literature on cooperative learning and motivational theory. We obtained the main characteristics of cooperative learning, and inject the perspective of cognitivism or social cognition into cooperative learning. We contrast and analyze related research of motivation of cooperative learning at home and abroad. Then, we find the problem that lacking of new perspective of cogonitivism looking into cooperative learning. Collecting literature on motivational theories provides theoretic foundation for advancing strategies for promoting cooperative learning.The third part is ’How to explain the superiority of cooperative learning, using motivational theories?’ The writer catch five characteristics of cooperative learning: sharing power and responsibility, rewarding team, heterogeneous combination, equal chance of success, valuing learning aim and apply relative motivational theories, such as group dynamic theory, Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs, attribution theory, reinforcement theory, intrinsic motivation theory, goal orientations, self-efficacy theory, observational learning theory to explain five characteristics of cooperative learning. On this account, we surpass the behaviorist view and enrich the motivational theories of cooperative learning.The fourth part is ’How to poromote cooperative learning using motivational theories?’ It’s mianly concerned that the practical application of motivational theories in cooperative learning. According to Keller’s ARCS: a model of motivational design, motivation is affected by four elements: attention(A), relevance(R), confidence(C), Satisfaction(S). When we use some corresponding teaching strategies in light of four components of motivation, we could establish a teaching environment for poromoting cooperative learning.

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