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Studies on Mutagenic Effects of Celosia Cristata and Brassica Napus Irradiated by 12C6+ Heavy Ions and Plant Regeneration of Zygophyllum Xanthoxylon

Author: SunLanDi
Tutor: HouSuiWen
School: Lanzhou University
Course: Cell Biology
Keywords: Celosia cristata Brassica napus Zygophyllum xanthoxylon 12C6+ heavy ions mutant RAPD tissue culture
CLC: S565.4;S567.239
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 71
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Abstract


Mutagenic effects of 12C6+ heavy ions irradiation on Celosia cristata and Brassica napus were studied in this thesis.High-efficiency plant regeneration of Zygophyllum xanthoxylon was established.1.Dry seeds of Celosia cristata were irradiated by 12C6+ heavy ion beams at various doses and LET（linear energy transfer） values.The germination frequency, survival rate and botanical characters of M1-M3 generations were studied.The germination and survival rate of M1 generation declined at the beginning and then rose as the dose increased（LET=32keV/μm）,while decreased markedly with increasing the dose at different LET values of 50,100 and 150 keV/μm.The height and panicle length of M1 plants were improved in doses ranging from 5 to 40Gy （LET=32keV/μm）,and reduced with higher ones（LET=50,100 and 150keV/μm）. However,all of the M2 and M3 generations of Celosia cristata irradiated by 12C6+ ion beams were superior to the control ones.RAPD revealed a high level of genetic diversity in M2 generation,and the highest variation rate（13.6%） was found at 25Gy with 32keV/μm.Many abnormal seedlings with one,three or cleft cotyledons alone were observed in M2 and M3 generation,and the frequency trend of M3 malformed cotyledon was similar to that of M2 RAPD variation.In addition,new mutants,such as abnormal seedling with four,five cotyledons alone or two identical cotyledons and one cleft cotyledon were induced by repetitive irradiation of 12C6+ heavy ions.The results showed that repetitive irradiation have broader mutation spectrum.2.Dry seeds of Brassica napus were irradiated by different doses of 12C6+ heavy ions,and the mutagenic effects of M1 generation were investigated.Treatments between 30Gy and 180Gy were superior to the control in emerged seedling rate,plant height and blooming rate while showed an obvious inhibitive effect on the pollen vitality,1000-seed weight and seed oil content.Irradiation with 30Gy 12C6+ heavy ions outperformed the others in pods per plant and seed yield per plant.By means of RAPD method,the results showed specific bands,such as new bands,absent bands and bands with different fluorescence intensity were observed in selected primers. The variation rates under 30Gy,90Gy and 180Gy 12C6+ heavy ions irradiation were 22.1%,23.7%and 36.2%,respectively.The research is valuable to the application of 12C6+ heavy ion beam in improving Brassica napus breeding.3.The cotyledons,hypocotyls,radicles and shoot tips of Zygophyllum xanthoxylon were cultured in vitro to develop rapid propagation technology.The results showed that the cotyledons,hypocotyls and radicles are good explants of callus induction and the shoot tips are good explants of shoot multiplication.The desirable callus induction medium is MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·l-1 or MS+6-BA 1.0 mg·l-1+ NAA 0.5 mg·l-1,the optimum multiplication medium is MS+6-BA 5.0 mg·l-1+NAA 1.0 mg·l-1,the best medium for rooting is MS+IAA1.5 mg·l-1.Plantlets with well-developed shoots and roots were acclimatized successfully in fluviatile sand and then grew vigorously in soil,mixed with sand（1:1）.

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