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Objective: The purpose of the case-control study was investigate the possible risk factors in the pathogenesis of primary and recurrent Ulcerative Colitis. Methods:101 Patients of the primary UC and 130 Patients of the recurrent UC were diagnosed by endoscopy and (or) pathology from Dec.2007 to Dec.2009 in The People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Autonomous Region were chose as case group, we also chose 133 Patients whose colon was normal in the same time in the hospital as control group. In combination with The history which has sickness in the past, We Chart a questionnaire concerning the possible related factors: Cigarette smoking, alcohol use, diet factors, intake of milk, mental stress, NSAIDs, oral contraceptives, appendectomy, enteric infection, allergic history. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate potential confounding variables. Result: In the control group and primary UC group, for the male, Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a high consumption of milk is a risk factor in UC (OR=4.269, P=0.011), A statistically significant protective effect for smoking in UC was found (OR=0.081, P=0.003). We have also found the positive association between age and UC, for patients with a diagnosis of UC before 40 years old and from 40 to 50 years old (OR=0.271, P=0.042). For the female, It showed that milk (OR=4.029, P=0.006) and mental stress (OR=4.421, P=0.012) is a risk factor in UC. In the primary group and recurrent group, for the male, We have found that a lower consumption of meat (OR=0.209, P=0.001) and milk (occasional groups OR=0.285, P=0.009; Regular groups OR=0.121, P=0.004) in the recurrent UC group. For the female, It showed that a lower consumption of spicy food (OR=0.290, P=0.011) and milk (occasional groups OR=0.129, P=0.000; Regular groups OR=0.068, P=0.001) in the recurrent UC group. In addition, the female group of more than 60 years old (OR=0.201, P=0.009).Conclusion: Our study suggests that a high consumption of milk and mental stress may be the risk factors, Smoking and age may be the protective factor for UC. In addition, We have found that the patients’ age is a protective factors in recurrent UC.
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