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With China's rapid economic development, highway construction has also been a corresponding rapid development. However, when the rapid development of highways, but also on natural landscapes and ecosystems increasingly damaging effects. In recent years, domestic and forest vegetation types and characteristics of highway has done a lot of research work, but research is still lagging behind the rapid development of the highway. Chongqing has a unique natural mountainous geographical conditions, a typical mountain city, rich in plant resources, but on the highway in Chongqing forest vegetation studies is relatively small. In this paper, the main city along the highway within the scope of the artificial type forest, semi-natural forest and natural forest type as the research object, the selected sample plots typical communities, community forest survey, analyzed by different research highway shelterbelt major disturbance intensity The species composition characteristics, belt width, community type, the survey sample contact with the landscape view, forest structure and environmental characteristics of the relationship between ecological benefits. Conclusions are as follows: 1, the main city of Chongqing expressway belt as the dominant species of plants, trees: pine, cedar, magnolia flowers, camphor, banyan, grapes, Tenjikukatsura, Chongyang wood, Bauhinia, complex pinnata Luan tree, locust, paulownia, neem trees. Shrubs: surattensis, oleander, Ziye, crape myrtle, Pittosporum, Japan, coral tree, Mahonia, hairy leaves lilac, red following the wood, gold leaf privet. 2, according to the main city of Chongqing highway shelterbelt degree of interference, the plantation with its sub-classified as natural forest, three types of semi-natural forest. Also according to the main city highway shelterbelt construction different functions, the type of protection forest into forest ecology, landscape ornamental belt are two main types. According to the different characteristics of the vegetation composition, can be divided into: ① evergreen broadleaf forest, such as camphor forest; ② evergreen conifers, such as pine; ③ deciduous forests, such as acacia forest, Huang Ge Shulin, etc.; evergreen deciduous broad-leaved forest, such as camphor complex pinnata Luan tree; ④ conifer, such as camphor Masson ⑤ broadleaf forest thickets, such as mulberry bush. 3, according to the belt width and forest ecological benefit changes, were taken natural, semi-natural and artificial forest type between the three averages prevail, in accordance with the requirements of humidifiers, belt width should be at about 30m. Forest in accordance with the cooling requirements, belt width should be at about 20m. 4, a significant cooling belt highway humidification effect, different types of forest degree of cooling and humidification there are significant differences. Ecological effects of forest areas affected by forest canopy play effects of cooling and humidification effect community plantations planted with close relationships significant way. And the effects of cooling and humidification with three kinds of types of community forest canopy density roughly the same size relationship, the greater the forest's canopy density, better cooling and humidification. 5, the highway shelterbelt has obvious effect to reduce noise, the noise level is the size and species composition of plant community structure clearly related. The size of the different communities affected forest canopy ecological effects play areas, terrain slope and aspect and forest close PLANTING relationship with the community to reduce noise significantly.
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