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The flue-cured tobacco is an important economic crop. Flue-cured tobacco to maintain continuous growth in the whole growth period, any period of lack of nutrition will hinder the growth of plants, but the growth of too many late nutrition will suppress tobacco leaves, affecting the quality of the tobacco. In many tobacco-growing areas in China, soil fertility, multiple cropping index, even as barriers to serious; easy to make low soil biological activity and long-term application of fertilizer, microbial diversity, pest and disease exacerbated, and often lead to instability and decline in tobacco leaf quality of flue-cured tobacco production. Therefore, the quality and stable production of flue-cured tobacco of the key issues in the flue-cured tobacco production and research practice. Extensive use of organic fertilizer, provide a viable option for the tobacco quality improvement. Rapeseed meal is a rich source of organic fertilizer, and significantly improve the quality of tobacco leaves, generally administered in the main producing areas of tobacco in China Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Chongqing and other places, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Mechanism to explore further the understanding of the rapeseed meal applied to improve the utility of flue-cured tobacco quality flue-cured tobacco K326 as test materials, through field and pot experiments, rapeseed meal on Tobacco Soil nutrient, tobacco rhizosphere soil enzyme activity, the number of flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere microorganisms and flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria, potassium bacterial community structure and flue-cured tobacco plants and tobacco quality, the purpose is to provide a theoretical basis for the flue-cured tobacco scientific application of rapeseed meal. Field trial treatment includes no fertilizer, pure chemical fertilizers, composting rapeseed meal with chemical fertilizer (composting rapeseed meal), no decomposition of rapeseed meal (no decomposition of rapeseed meal) and bio-organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer; pot experiments treated as no fertilizer, pure chemical fertilizers, application of the maturity of rapeseed meal and applied no decomposition of rapeseed meal. The main findings are as follows: 1. Fertilization significantly affect the flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soil available nutrients. Experimental treatments, soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium peak in the rosette stage and prosperous long-term, consistent growth and development and Tobacco. Before prosperous long-term fertilizer soil nutrients, pure Shi highest, followed by rapeseed meal. Rapeseed meal fertilizer efficiency is relatively slow, compared with the pure chemical fertilizers, and is conducive to the growth and development of the upper leaves after topping. . Different levels of fertilization could increase the number of flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere microorganisms, its increase in size of the maturity of rapeseed meal, no decomposition of rapeseed meal ≥ ≥ pure bio-organic fertilizer applied fertilizer ≥ fertilization. Maximum of bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi appear in a maximum of vigorous, ammonification and nitrification bacteria appears topping. Fertilization on four flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soil enzyme activity has a certain role in promoting. Topping in flue-cured tobacco rosette stage to maturity rapeseed cake for flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere soil catalase activity to promote the role of higher than composting rapeseed cake in the tobacco leaf maturity is the opposite. Rapeseed cake in flue-cured tobacco growth and development of the late application processing (composting and not decomposed) tobacco soil enzyme activity is generally higher. 4 no fertilizer the Tobacco Plants nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are lower tobacco thinner and early yellowing, the production of low quality. However, after the application of the maturity of rapeseed meal, flue-cured tobacco rosette stage plant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content is lower than the pure chemical fertilizers, higher than that applied no decomposition of rapeseed meal, but the close of the mature plant nitrogen and pure chemical fertilizer, phosphorus potassium significantly higher than that of pure chemical fertilizers, plant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, more coordination, growth is also relatively stable before and after the tobacco plant. Pure chemical fertilizers and processing, tobacco growth and development of early nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in higher mature tobacco plant total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are significantly lower. In processing application no decomposition of rapeseed meal, the the Tobacco Plants nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content is low, poor development of flue-cured tobacco of Health. Therefore, the maturity of rapeseed meal combined with chemical fertilizer helped the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco is better, to improve the nutritional status. The protein content of the middle leaves as follows: pure chemical fertilizers ≥ maturity rapeseed meal ≥ no decomposition of rapeseed meal ≥ no fertilizer; total sugar content of the order of the maturity of the rapeseed meal ≥ pure chemical fertilizers ≥ no decomposition of rapeseed meal ≥ not fertilization; nicotine content size order no decomposition of the Rapeseed Meal ≥ maturity the Rapeseed Meal ≥ pure chemical fertilizers ≥ no fertilizer; tobacco total potassium content in the order of the maturity of the rapeseed meal ≥ ≥ pure Shi no decomposition of rapeseed meal fertilizer ≥ fertilization ; sugar to nicotine of tobacco than the size of the order of the maturity of the rapeseed meal ≥ pure chemical fertilizers ≥ no decomposition of rapeseed meal ≥ no fertilizer. Therefore, the quality of tobacco leaves pros and cons of the order: composting the Rapeseed Meal ≥ pure chemical fertilizers ≥ no decomposition of rapeseed meal ≥ no fertilizer. 6. Administration of rapeseed meal varying degrees of increase in flue-cured tobacco the rhizosphere azotobacter, phosphorus of bacterial and potassium bacteria, etc. the number of beneficial bacteria. Three types of flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere populations of beneficial bacteria degrees, dominance and diversity are not consistent with the number of changes; rhizosphere beneficial bacteria population diversity index size order the phosphorus the bacterial ≥ azotobacter ≥ K bacteria are degrees and dominance the overall trend is similar to the diversity. Diversity index and the correlation coefficient of the index in the order of the diazotrophs (0.982) ≥ K bacteria (0.957) ≥ phosphorus bacteria (0.927); diversity index, dominance index, the correlation coefficient of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (0.818) ( ?) potassium bacterial phosphorus bacteria (0.466) (0.541) ≥. Rapeseed meal of the maturity and no decomposition application processing, tobacco rhizosphere dominant bacteria isolated and identified to the genus Bacillus (Bacillus) and Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas). So, rapeseed meal application on flue-cured tobacco rhizosphere bacterial selection and enrichment. The maturity of rapeseed meal flue - rhizosphere azotobacter the phosphorus bacterial diversity role than no decomposition of rapeseed meal. Ⅱ
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