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Before World War II development of water resources in the western United States

Author: GuoJing
Tutor: HuangXianQuan
School: Southwestern University
Course: The history of the world
Keywords: American West Water Develop
CLC: F119
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 111
Quote: 0
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Abstract

About one third of the Earth's surface area and the western United States as there are severe water scarcity. In the development of the western arid and semi-arid lands in the natural resources required, water is an indispensable factor, is the key to success. For the development of water resources in West this problem, the federal government does not pay attention early westward migration, has not taken meaningful steps. As more and more immigrants into this arid region, the federal government began to consider how to encourage them to develop water resources, conquer drought, but not directly involved in the construction of water conservancy facilities. Therefore, early western western water resources development mainly by early inhabitants, private irrigation companies and western states to try. With the western agricultural, industrial and urban development, demand for water has put forward higher requirements. The federal government in the management of state functions is beginning to shift from President Theodore Roosevelt to Franklin Roosevelt, the U.S. government take the initiative to participate in the development of water resources in Western finally through government guidance development model, the construction of large water conservancy projects, to maximize the use of water resources to solve the problem of water scarcity west, the west and the country's agriculture, industry and urban development have had a profound impact, but also the inevitable destruction of the western resources and the environment. Paper is divided into three parts: The first part introduces before World War II, the western United States water resources development in the background. Due to natural conditions, population growth, water, environmental damage and other factors, the western United States water scarcity. Politically, the federal government began to change in the role of national functions, directly involved in the planning of public works, construction and management. With the rise of Western political forces as well as Theodore Roosevelt and Franklin Roosevelt's personal political views of the two presidential influence, making the government guidance western water resources development, conquered droughts become possible. Economic aspects of the western United States agricultural, industrial development and urbanization on water resources are put forward higher requirements. Ideological and social aspects, the day Manifest Destiny ideology and the U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Movement has further contributed to the federal government involved in the development of water resources in the west. The second part discusses the western United States before World War II water development process. From the late 19th century, although the federal government became involved in the management of inland navigation and flood control, but not directly involved in the construction of water conservancy facilities, which tend to expand sales through several bills to increase the area of ??land acquisition for the construction of water conservancy facilities, farmers' interest and affordability. Therefore, the early development of water resources for the West early inhabitants are mainly private irrigation companies and state governments do try, but failed. 1902 \Progressive era, the federal government in water and hydropower development, improving the conditions for inland shipping and flood control have carried out active intervention. In 12 years, the ruling Republican Party (1921-1933 years) Western water development entered a relatively quiet time, but in the construction of Boulder Canyon Project, coordinated allocation of water resources has also made some achievements. New Deal period, the federal government in the development and utilization of water resources in the west on the issue given more financial support, and resource protection on the way towards the capital expenditures of both the creative and efficient direction. The federal government toward the large-scale construction projects and multi-target direction. The third section summarizes the western United States before World War II achievements and problems of water resources development. American West water resources development for the western agricultural development foundation, the western become America's breadbasket. Secondly, led the American city and commercial prosperity. Provide cheap electricity to provide guarantee for urban development. The rise of Western economic center. The construction of water conservancy projects in western required materials, equipment, labor, and necessities mostly from outside the western states. Each of the federal states, through the provision of construction materials or labor, almost all share this series of construction projects expenditure, driven by the domestic commercial prosperity. Once again, the Great Depression, the construction of large-scale water conservancy projects, the suffering poor worry and out, the pain of displaced Americans regain confidence. Western Water Development manifested in the process of government-led growth model is the world consciously imitate other countries, so the development of the western United States as the world can provide a reference model. Finally, 60 years of water development, making the western United States, there have been a number of resource and environmental issues, as China's western development to provide a reference. Finally, in conclusion part of the western United States before World War II made a concluding water resources development and draw some inspiration. Although before World War II, the western United States water resources development has made remarkable achievements, but, with postwar resources, environmental issues continue to emerge, how to live in harmony with water once again test the wisdom of mankind.

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