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Pollination Biology and Maintenance Strategy in Androdioecious Species Tapiscia Sinensis

Author: LvWen
Tutor: LiuWenZhe
School: Northwestern University
Course: Botany
Keywords: Tapiscia sinensis Male full- dioecious Floral dynamic Pollination mechanism Gender distribution
CLC: Q948
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 125
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Abstract

Male dioecious (Androdioecy) is the angiosperm most rare breeding system, there are two types of plants: male plants and gender plants in the population. The morphological male dioecious actually two essentially: one is functional dioecious (Functional dioecy); another functional male dioecious (Functional androdioecy). For the functional male disparate strains research mainly includes the maintenance of the origin and evolution of male plants and gender plants, male dioecious breeding system. The gall pepper tree (Reiterative sinensis) is a male dioecious species, scattered in the south of the Yangtze River and south-western provinces. Gender spent the end of May to early June this year after fertilization, the zygote experienced sleep up to 10 months from the end of June to next March to stop the development of the Sleep resume in mid-September mature fruit, unique flowers and fruits Simultaneous phenomenon. Domestic and foreign scholars have the gall pepper tree taxonomy, ecology, morphology and anatomy, and botany, the introduction of domesticated, reproductive biology, and fruit overwintering strategies undertaken extensive research. But still lacking from male dioecious angle to study gall pepper tree pollination biology. ESS (Evolutionarily Stable Strategy) model of male plants to male dioecious populations must fit at least twice as high than the male part of the gender plants. Maintain the strategy of most of the male dioecious male plants and gender plants male relative fitness of up to explore, while some scholars by comparing male plants and Gender plants resource allocation to discuss the maintenance of the male dioecious gender distribution, such as gender plants theoretical model that gender plants will favor the male and female functions during the development of on one aspect of its performance for partial male or female partial. Tapiscia sinensis gender plants with flowers and fruits phenomenon over the same period, to carry both bisexual flowers and fruit growth, there must be competition in the allocation of resources. The main purpose of this study are: (1) from the morphological structure of the flower, flowering dynamic, pollinating insects, pollen viability, stigma can be granted and breeding system of the gall pepper tree pollination biology characteristics. (2) by comparison Tapiscia sinensis male and bisexual flowers in the male part of the male relative fitness, the gender distribution of the gender plants; (3) by revealing the relationship between the same gender plants flower development and fruit growth, discover gall the origin and maintenance of the pepper tree this male dioecious species. (1) The species has a typical phenomenon of male dioecious, bisexual flowers containing functional pollen; and male plants and gender with the same flowering phenology of plants are flowering in late May to early June, a single flowering period of 4 to 5 5 days, male and bisexual flowers anther dehiscence with synchronization, significantly prolonged shedding time. The bisexual flowers pistil first cooked, the stigma be granted throughout the flowering period; major pollinators Apidae Apidae and Syrphidae Syrphidae flower-visiting the peak period of 8:30 to 10:30. (2) male flowers, the male part of the bisexual flowers with lower male relative fitness. The number of male plant inflorescence flowers contained approximately gender inflorescences eight times, the male pollen germination rate significantly stronger than the germination rate of bisexual flowers, gender pollen viability is a male pollen viability of 1/10 to 1/20, agricultural Ming gall the pepper tree gender bisexual flowers on the plant development, the limited resources in the distribution of male and female functions biased in favor of females. (3) Gender plant, flower and fruit development period synchronization of four pollination after fruit setting rate was no significant difference could be due to flower and fruit the developmental cause at the same gender plant resource constraints. In summary, the gall pepper tree functional male dioecious, male of the existence of trade-offs and female plants at the same time two life forms (flowers and fruits) growth for populations male relative for high pollen; bisexual flowers stamens breeding protection for the species, as well as reward pollinators.

Pollination Biology and Maintenance Strategy in Androdioecious Species Tapiscia Sinensis

Abstract

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