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With economic taking-off in the promotion of international trade, China’s trade surplus has brought a lot of wealth, and has also brought a large number of trade frictions year after year, now China is increasingly at the center of international trade friction. When China’s anti-dumping investigations overwhelmed, the countervailing investigations into Chinese as if sword of another to the hinterland. The financial crisis was epidemic in the world. Contrasting with widespread weakness in economies, China’s economic construction rise and maintain a stable share, continues to show a trade surplus. This also increase the incentive for countervailing investigations which initiated by the strength of our country.Countervailing has double-sided nature:On the one hand, countries can impose countervailing duties on exports to maintain fairness in international trade, to maintain international trade liberalization in international trade, to maintain their legitimate rights and economic interests of competition; On the other hand, countervailing measures involved in the product, industry, sector, ranging from horizontal to vertical are very extensive, it has a great influence on the country’s economic development, the policy implementation, once the sponsors of the abuse of anti-subsidy, the survey will give the country a huge loss. Therefore, China should take full advantage of the positive role of countervailing measures, but also to be active and effective to prevent the negative effects of it.China is now at the peak of economic development, but also in the economic transition period. How to make good use of subsidies and countervailing measures to promote and protect the sustainable development of the national economy and how to efficiently deal with foreign-initiated anti-subsidy investigations against China, not only about the economy, but also related to the building of political civilization in China. This is a challenges but also opportunities in new situation. It can reminder into the country as soon as possible to establish and perfect the legal system of international economic integration, institutional structure and raise the level of our application of the anti-subsidy to improve the country’s countervailing respondent level, In the long run, for the country’s subsidy system and countervailing applications as well as responding to China’s anti-subsidy cases initiated, to provide a legal basis for policy support, practical experience, will ultimately benefit China’s economy long-term sustainable development.In 2004, Canada, that launched the first anti-subsidy investigation to china, opened the door to the implementation of countervailing measures, in 2006, the United States initiated anti-subsidy investigation to china for the first time, after four years, a total of 24 initiated anti-subsidy investigation was launched into China. The USA is also the most frequent anti-subsidy investigations than any other country, and has played an exemplary role to other countries. So far, China has experienced 39 of its countervailing duty investigation, is the encounter countervailing investigations than any other country, not only developed countries initiated, there are also some developing countries did. In these practices, our country has shown a lack of response to anti-subsidy:for the law, China’s anti-subsidy law is on a lower rank, belong to the executive regulations, the authority is low, the effectiveness of low impact is small. In the policy, for the subsidy itself, China has used many of the promotion of economic development subsidies which are inconsistent with the requirements of SCMA, belonging to prohibited subsidies, or exceeding a certain threshold of actionable subsidies, for the using of non-actionable subsidies has been relatively scarce; on the countervailing response measures related to policy, China is still a lack of systematic guidance system and response system. In practice, industry associations has not been fully play their special coordination, organization, undertaking the role, many enterprises lack to the idea of responding countervailing measures, still not actively Respondent.There are some errors in responding countervailing measures because of lack of experience. We are also lack to the professionals who are able to skillfully deal with the countervailing investigation. These factors are the need to face our country to solve.Against our problems in practice, our country from the following aspects should be addressed. First of all, improve the anti-subsidy legal hierarchy, improve the anti-subsidy provisions of the law itself, put circumvent of anti-subsidy provisions into the law, write refrain from initiating countervailing factors such as non-actionable subsidies in the law, to develop and perfect the anti-subsidy laws and regulations system. Secondly, we need cancel China’s application which is inconsistent with the SCMA subsidies, we need develop policies to make flexible use of actionable subsidies, to use of non-actionable subsidies in the largest extent, continued to improve our products in the international market competitiveness, but also to circumvent the countervailing investigations. On the other hand, the Government as administrative body, should co-ordinate departments, trade associations coordinated through the joint interaction with enterprises to jointly deal with international anti-subsidy, and in practice, gradually forms a complete and efficient response system. Finally, enterprises, industry associations should have a correct understanding:the positive responding to strive for their rights on international anti-subsidy investigations, according to business and industry associations to play their respective different features of the initiative, focusing on with other firms, associations, government departments, effective communication and cooperation in the anti-subsidy investigations. Before countervailing investigation occurred, we should make early warning to avoid, during the countervailing investigations, we should have a positive respondent to reduce losses, when the anti-subsidy measures have been implemented, and we should use the WTO dispute settlement mechanism to remedy. In addition, China must train up and reserves a great deal of countervailing-related professionals.
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