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Background and Purpose: Wnt signaling pathway is not only involved in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis sports and studies confirm the Wnt signaling pathway, and also affects the regulation of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, is a variety of molecules involved, mutual influence and mutual restriction and synergies complex systems. Abnormal activation of the Wnt signaling pathway and tumor development is closely related to the regional differences, Europe and other countries for this pathway in more emphasis on colon and breast cancer, for cancer research is relatively small. Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, so that the pathway relationship with the development of gastric cancer has attracted much attention. Wntl gene is a Wnt gene family in one, is the Wnt signaling pathway initiation factor. β-catenin is the core of canonical Wnt signaling in the Wnt signaling pathway and tumor occurrence and development plays an important role. Lgr5 also known as GPR49, containing 18 leucine-rich repeat units and seven transmembrane domain protein composed of macromolecules, a G protein-coupled receptor family member; was newly discovered target Wnt pathway gene, or a potential stem cell marker. In this study, the Wnt signaling pathway on the three main aspects of the representatives factor Wnt1, β-catenin and Lgr5 expression were detected, three in the stomach becomes explore the evolution of expression and its relationship with the occurrence and development of gastric cancer relationship. By Wnt1, β-catenin.Lgr5 correlation between research, from a complete perspective of Wnt signaling pathway in the evolution of the role of gastropathy explore Lgr5 in gastric carcinogenesis and development of possible molecular mechanism and clinical significance. On the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, early diagnosis, prevention, and provide the basis for new ideas for the treatment of gastric cancer provide new therapeutic targets. Method: 1. Gastropathy collection of clinical specimens and experimental groups. Adjacent mucosa group of 11 cases, 23 cases of precancerous lesions (including 8 cases of atypical hyperplasia, intestinal metaplasia 15 cases), 14 cases of early gastric cancer, 30 cases of advanced gastric cancer. 2 immunohistochemical technique (SP method) was measured adjacent mucosa group, precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer group Wnt1, β-catenin, Lgr5 expression. 3 using SPSS11.5 statistical software for data statistics and correlation analysis. Results: 1.Wntl different lesions in the stomach tissues Wntl in adjacent mucosa, only a small amount or no expression, the positive expression rate was 18.2%, while in precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric expression significantly higher rates were 87.0%, 85.7%, 86.7%, statistics show Wntl positive rate of precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, the progress of gastric cancer were significantly higher than adjacent mucosa, there was a significant difference (p lt; 0.01); But in precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer was no significant difference between (p gt; 0.05). 2.β-catenin different lesions in the stomach tissues β-catenin in the adjacent mucosa mainly membrane expression, and in precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric ectopic expression of lack of membrane expression occurs (cytoplasm or nuclear expression). Ectopic expression and membrane expression loss are referred to abnormal expression of β-catenin. In the adjacent mucosa, precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric β-catenin expression was decreased membrane, deletion of an upward trend, and between the four groups there was a significant difference (p lt; 0.01). β-catenin expression loss rate of membrane adjacent mucosa and gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer were significantly difference was statistically significant (p lt; 0.01), precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer have between significant difference (p lt; 0.01), and precancerous lesions and adjacent mucosa was no significant difference between the (gt; 0.05). β-catenin abnormal expression rate of adjacent mucosa, precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer is rising, were 9.1%, 82.6%, 100.0%, 96.7%, there was a significant difference (p lt; 0.01 ). Where β-catenin expression rate of abnormal precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer were significantly higher than adjacent mucosa, there was a significant difference (p lt; 0.01); But in precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer No significant difference between (p gt; 0.05). 3.Lgr5 different lesions in the stomach tissues Lgr5 in adjacent mucosa few scattered expression, mainly in the bottom of the gastric glands and neck isthmus, no expression in gastric epithelium in precancerous lesions and gastric cancer group expression was significantly increased. Statistics showed that Lgr5 in adjacent mucosa, precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer, the positive expression rates were 18.2%, 78.3%, 78.6%, 80.0%, there was a significant difference was not statistically significant ( p lt; 0.01). Which Lgr5 positive rate of precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer were significantly higher than adjacent mucosa, there was a significant difference (p lt; 0.01); But in precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer among non- significant difference (p gt; 0.05). 4.Wnt1, β-catenin and Lgr5 expression in gastric cancer correlation analysis in gastric carcinoma Wntl Lgr5 expression with a significant consistency (p lt; 0.05), and a positive correlation, r = 0.414; Wnt1 and β-catenin , lgr5 with β-catenin expression had no correlation was not statistically significant (p gt; 0.05). 5.Wnt1, β-catenin and Lgr5 expression in gastric carcinoma with clinicopathological correlation characteristics, including age, gender, tumor size, depth of invasion, differentiation, lymph node metastasis Wnt1, β-catenin expression and each with Lgr5 clinicopathological features no correlation was not statistically significant (p gt; 0.05). Conclusion: 1.Wnt1, β-catenin and Lgr5 expression from the adjacent mucosa, precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer showed a consistent increasing trend, suggesting that the Wnt signaling pathway in the development and progression of gastric cancer is active, and gastric cancer the occurrence and development are closely related. 2.Wnt1, β-catenin and Lgr5 expression in gastric precancerous lesions was significantly higher than adjacent mucosa, and in precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, advanced gastric cancer showed no significant differences, suggesting that activation of the Wnt signaling pathway occurs in the stomach Early in the process of change. 3.Wnt1 Lgr5 expression in gastric cancer tissues with a significant consistency, perhaps Lgr5 is the Wnt signaling pathway target genes. Wntl with β-catenin expression is not correlated, suggesting that there may be other Wnt proteins are also involved in regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. 4. Lgr5 in the stomach tissues of different pathological situations prompt Lgr5 and is closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.
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