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Distribution Characteristics and the Flux of Land-based into the Sea of Nonylphenols in Jiaozhou Bay and the Ecological Risk Assessment

Author: DanLiXia
Tutor: ShiXiaoYong；LiangShengKang
School: Ocean University of China
Course: Marine Chemistry
Keywords: Into the sea flux Concentration and Ecological Risk Assessment
CLC: X55
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 128
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Abstract

In recent years, with the deterioration of the global marine environment, environmental chemical behavior of persistent organic pollutants in the offshore environment has caused attaches great importance to international academic community, and pay close attention, its has been carried out in some typical cities in the coastal zone and estuaries Spatial distribution. Jiaozhou Bay is highly urbanized and industrialized areas, with the rapid economic development in Qingdao, a significant increase in population, the regional environment is deteriorating, and enter a variety of pollutants of different sources and methods. The results of research carried out in the region in recent years show that the Jiaozhou Bay has been a serious organic pollution, there is a huge hidden the region's ecological environment and human health. Nonylphenol (NP) are persistent organic pollutants, bioaccumulative, biodegradable and \Its distribution in the environment, ecological risk assessment has become a hot research field of science. Site survey in August 2009 and December Jiaozhou Bay and its major rivers into the sea and sewage treatment plant, estimated eight sewage unit in Jiaozhou Bay NP into the sea flux; summer Jiaozhou Bay NP concentration in water and sediments distribution characteristics; through laboratory simulation experiments, the dominant species the Jiaozhou typical phytoplankton, the acute toxicity of the comprehensive survey of nonylphenol on the growth of phytoplankton, phytoplankton antioxidant activity, determine nonylphenol in Jiaozhou Bay marine ecosystem Risk evaluation criteria, and combined with the the Jiaozhou Bay nonylphenol site findings, to nonylphenol ecological risk evaluation of Jiaozhou Bay. The main conclusions are as follows: 1.2009 Jiaozhou Bay NP pollution of major rivers and the sewage treatment plant status and range of concentrations in the rivers into the sea flux NP 114.7-31678.2ng / l, the average concentration of rivers NP for 4180.4ng / l Ink River NP concentration is greater than the other rivers; NP in sewage treatment plant effluent concentration range were 114.4-291.8ng / l. 2009 Jiaozhou Bay the wet period flux 1008.03kg rivers into the sea, sickle Bay River, Dagu River, ink River, Licun River, Haibohe and the island group of NP into the sea flux were 10.78kg 227.93kg, 711.91kg , 16.41kg, 39.61kg 1.39kg. The 2009 NP dry season into the sea flux 591.93kg, the sickle Wan Ho, Yanghe Daguhe, Ink River, Lou mountains and rivers, Licun River, Haibohe and Mission Island NP into the sea flux were 8.45, kg0. 99kg, 112.24kg, 338.83kg, 84.02kg, 27.82kg, 18.94kg and 0.64kg. 2009 wet period NP flux on the whole is greater than the dry season, and changes in river runoff. Bay water, the concentration of the Pollution of Jiaozhou Bay sediments NP NP in water and surface sediments were 18.5-179.3ng / l and 7.1-112.4ng / g; view from the spatial distribution characteristics of Jiaozhou Bay NP concentrations of Ink River Licun River estuary Haibohe significantly higher than other regions of the Bay, its spatial distribution by sources of pollution, the combined effect of the circulation system within the Bay and water in exchange for rivers the nonylphenol concentration is much higher than Jiaozhou Bay, indicating Jiaozhou Bay around the river is the main source of pollution of Jiaozhou Bay in NP pollution. Simulation laboratory results (1) Growth of NP NP on marine microalgae the two algae growth concentration exists inhibition the inhibition concentration increases. EC50 due to algae species belongs to the different categories and significant difference in the the two microalgae biomass Institute with the sensitivity of NP order: Skeletonema costatum gt; spin chain Chaetoceros. (2) NP anti-oxidation effects on marine microalgae. Effects of different concentrations of NP exposure Skeletonema costatum and spin chain Chaetoceros 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h after the impact of the algal cell superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), the results indicate that inhibition of SOD activity was first activated, with the exposure time, SOD activity decreased more significantly, order sensitivity of two microalgae antioxidase the NP: Skeletonema costatum gt; spin chain angle the hair algae; the MDA of of NP exposure concentration and stress time on the two microalgae cells have significant effect, indicating that the NP stress significantly enhanced lipid peroxidation two diatom cells, cell membrane function might be interested in algae produce a certain the impact. The two microalgae MDA content in order sensitivity of NP: the spin chain Chaetoceros gt; Skeletonema costatum. Above NP exposure experiments based on the combination of nonylphenol dose - effect concentrations, as well as the EU risk assessment report for nonylphenol risk entropy (RQ) method of Jiaozhou Bay and its surrounding rivers and nonylphenol contamination status quo of the sewage treatment plant preliminary ecological risk assessment of Jiaozhou Bay waters the risk entropy (RQwater) NP between 0.15-1.65, need to take appropriate risk mitigation measures; Jiaozhou Bay rivers into the sea, in addition to white of Shahe and the ocean extragalactic, other rivers RQwater value exceeding PNECwater several times or even hundreds of times, be biological in water poses a serious threat, risk reduction measures need to be taken immediately; Jiaozhou Bay into the sea sewage treatment plant NP RQ values ??ranged from 1.057- 2.70, appropriate risk mitigation measures need to be taken.

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