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Lin Zhiyun fir (Picea likiangensis var.linzhiensis) is widely distributed in the southeast of Tibet, is a native tree species in Tibet and industrial timber species, scientific conservation and rational utilization of existing natural populations within their groups and groups must first understand provide a theoretical basis and the basis of information between variation and genetic differentiation for germplasm conservation and genetic improvement of the species. This study were randomly selected in the Tibet region of 13 natural populations of Lin Zhiyun fir 6-30 individuals as test materials, phenotypic diversity, geographic variation of element content and isozyme genetic diversity. The main results are as follows: (1) the phenotypic diversity reflect direct quantitative indicators of genetic differentiation. 9 needles, cones, seed scales phenotypic traits using analysis of variance, phenotypic differentiation coefficient and population frequency differentiation coefficient study found that there are significant differences between the groups and groups, and phenotypic differentiation coefficient (Vst ) ranged from 12.25% to 55.21%, and 30.06% of the mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient among populations, less than that within populations (69.94%); phenotypic population frequency differentiation coefficient ranged from 6.20% to 20.70%, group 13.75% less than within populations (86.25%). Calculate the coefficient of variation in the population frequency of phenotypic diversity index and relative extremum statistical analysis method, further discussion of the specific variation and differentiation between groups and within groups of phenotypic traits: spruce needles, cones, The coefficient of variation of the three kinds of scales phenotypic traits were 20.40%, 15.41%, 10.68%, relative extrema of 60.06%, 55.61%, 54.90%, phenotypic diversity index was 44.52%, 33.35%, 36.35%, three who are coniferous degree of variability. Lin Zhiyun the Sequoia groups within each phenotypic variability index were found with altitude, latitude and longitude, and reduced with altitude and latitude and longitude of spatially distributed in a higher diversity progressively larger pattern. Finally, the traits mean the use of Euclidean distance and WARD's minimum variance method of the UPGMA analysis show that Tibet Linzhi Yun fir groups can be divided into three categories, center groups can be clustered into one group, marginalized groups can be clustered into two groups. (2) 11 kinds of inorganic elements in Tibet 13 Lin Zhiyun fir groups coniferous determined each groups take six healthy mother trees, with ICP-AES detection coniferous P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn Mn content, Germany imports elemental analyzer (EA) detection of C, H, N content; using analysis of variance, and the statistical method of calculation of the coefficient of variation and correlation analysis to study the geographic variation of various elements. The results show that: the content of C, H, N, Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, seven elements in the difference between the groups reached significant level, P, K, Fe, Zn four elements did not reach a statistically significant level, trace elements between groups and within groups, there is a wide range of variation, the variation range of a large number of elements is not as good as trace elements; correlation analysis of the mean and coefficient of variation within populations and geographic location, the discovery and the location of the correlation coefficient of variation in addition to P to reach a significant level and longitude related, others are not significant, and that was a random mutation patterns. (3) horizontal starch gel electrophoresis experiments Tibet Linzhi Yun fir 12 groups of enzymes in the experiment, a total of 20 bands were clear separation of the good sites, statistical analysis of these 20 sites : Lin Zhiyun chinensis populations polymorphic loci percentage P = 55%, Na = 1.900, and other sites of each locus gene average number of genes per locus effective sites for Ne = 1.6093 observation heterozygosity Ho = 0.2291, expected heterozygosity He = .2648 genetic identity degree I = 0.4168; 12 groups the mean level of slightly below the species level. 12 groups of genetic differentiation and genetic differentiation coefficient (Gst) = 7.4065% ??92.5935% of the variation within the population; genetic differentiation between groups degrees Fst = 8.4247% 91.5357% within the groups, is still far less than ; gene flow Nm = 7.0119> 4, can replace genetic drift to prevent the occurrence of differentiation among populations. The genetic distance between any two groups of 12 to study the genetic identity (I) fluctuation 0.9450-0.9979, an average of 0.9801; genetic distance (D) fluctuation of 0.0021-0.0540, mean 0.0191. Parameters of various genetic and ecological factors analysis found 12 groups in the overall level of the 20 sites on the number of alleles for each locus Na and expected heterozygosity He is from west to east, gradually becomes large. (4) through three levels of coupling found Lin Zhiyun fir between groups and within the group there are abundant variations, but most of the variation from population. Their study of genetic diversity and geographic variation trends of the ecological factors Lin Zhiyun fir genetic diversity presents larger trend gradually from west to east. Thus making germplasm conservation and genetic improvement should focus on priority populations of the eastern and focus on the individual's choice.
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