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Taken sugarcane ratoon of Yuanlin 6 as the experimental material, based on different cane-leaf returning modes of new planting sugarcane （A treatment: residues left after harvest including top department and leaves were returned to the field directly without any process, and as the base fertilizer; B treatment: residues left after harvest including top department and leaves were shattered using machine and returned to the field as the base fertilizer; C treatment: residues were piled as compost and returned to the field as stem fertilizer; D treatment: leaves peeled in September and October were piled as the compost and returned to the field as base fertilizer）, It studied sugarcane on Photosynthesis, physiological and biochemical characters, drought resistance, soil fertility, yield and quality of sugarcane. The results are shown as below:1. Growing dynamics of colonies: C shows the highest germination rate which reached 132.14%, the second was A with 128.21%, the lowest one was CK, only 115.51%; The fastest average growing rate in the whole elongating period was C, the order from high to low was C, D, B, A and CK; The highest LAI（leaf area index） of whole growth period was C, the order from high to low was C, A, D, B, and CK.2. Some physiological and biochemical indices related to sugarcane growth:Nitrate reductase activity of each treatment existed high in August and September. Treatment D has the highest activity in August, which reached 29.28μgNO2-·g-1FW·h-1, then B, was 26.84μgNO2-·g-1FW·h-1.Acid invertase activity was lower in June, the lowest was treatment CK, 42.56μg·g-1FW·h-1; the highest was treatment B, 60.25μg·g-1FW·h-1, acidity invertase activity begin to increase from tillering stage, and each treatment existed highest activity in August, of which C was highest, 102.75μg·g-1FW·h-1, and then B of 100.24μg·g-1FW·h-1; Neutral invertase activity begin to increase in technical maturity period; treatments of D, C and A were higher than CK.3. Effect on drought resistance: We studied some indices which relative to the sugarcane drought resistance, including field soil moisture, MDA, proline, cytoplasm membrane penetrate character and relative water content. In general, comparing the drought resistance of each treatment, all cane-leaf returning treatments were superior to CK, and C was the best.4. Effect on soil fertility: all cane-leaf returning treatments were higher than CK in Soil pH value, soil organic matter content, N content, P content and K content. C was the best and the order from high to low was C, B, D, A and CK.5. The yield and quality of sugarcane:the Sucrose content of each treatment was high, and the highest was D and C, which reached 15.5% and 15.48% respectively; the lowest was B of 14.27%: the highest yield of stems was C, the lowest is CK.6. According to the results above we can concluded that cane-leaf returning can fertilize soil, promote sugarcane growth, improve drought resistance and quality, and promote the sugarcane’s high and steady yield. In the experiment, C treatment was the most notable in drought resistance, soil fertility and increasing production and sucrose content.
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