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Objective: Interferon treatment of chronic hepatitis B, but the response rate is low and the lack of accurate predictive factors of efficacy. ISG15/USP18 pair of interferon-stimulated genes ISG15 antiviral activity of virus-specific, USP18 inhibition of interferon anti-HCV, while ISG15/USP18 in the role of interferon in the process of anti-HBV have not been reported, so this article to explore ISG15/USP18 predict the significance of the role and efficacy of chronic hepatitis B in interferon therapy. Methods: 30 healthy control group, the experimental group of 30 patients receiving interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B, the experimental group, the inclusion criteria, diagnostic efficacy evaluation set with reference to China promulgated in 2005, chronic hepatitis B prevention and treatment guidelines. RT-PCR assay control group, the experimental group patients received antiviral treatment before and in the course of treatment (weeks, 12 weeks, 24 weeks) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells ISG15/USP18 expression, combined with the end of the 24-week treatment when efficacy PEMS 3.1 of the application of medical statistics software analysis ISG15/USP18 response group, the difference of positive expression rate of non-response group. The result: the end of the treatment, the 30 patients, 16 patients response, 14 patients with no response. The control group and the experimental group received interferon treatment were not detected before to ISG15/USP18 expression. After application interferon response group with the non-responder group ISG15 positive expression rate were 50.0%, 57.1%, P = 0.696 gt; 0.05, the difference was not significant. USP18 positive expression rate was 50.0%, 92.8%, P = 0.017 lt; 0.05, significant difference. Pretreatment ALT levels, HBV-DNA load, HBeAg-positive rate, the comparison of the response group and the non-response group USP18 positive expression cases, P values ??were 0.096,0.346,0.056 are greater than 0.05, the difference was not statistically significant. In the first weeks of treatment, 12 weeks, 24 weeks, consistent with the test results of each the research object ISG15/USP18 the of the experimental group. Conclusion: healthy control group who did not receive interferon treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B were not detected to ISG15/USP18 expression. ISG15 positive expression rate in response group and the non-response group no significant difference, ISG15 still can not predict the efficacy of interferon as an independent factor. The USP18 positive expression rate significantly higher than in the non-response group response group, USP18 as the independent factors predict interferon No Answer. Before treatment, ALT, HBV-DNA load, HBeAg positive expression rate of USP18 induced expression and role in the prediction of the efficacy of interferon.
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