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Leakage of water distribution systems is a serious problem in water industries. Leakage not only wastes precious water resources,but also leads to much financial loss,at the same time affects the normal production and everyday life of people. As the result,the leakage of water distribution systems has become an important issue of concerns to study in the world.According to the traditional basic equations of the hydraulics,the continuity equations which considering the leakage is firstly introduced,and several factors that affect the leakage of pipe,such as the rate of leakage and pressure,are analyzed. Secondly,this article verify the exponential relation between the leakage of flow pipe and pressure concerned. This kind of relation confirmed can reflect the real condition of leakage in pipe,and can be used to guide the actual calculation of the real flow pipe. At the same time,the effects that leakage does to flow pipe,especially to the pressure of water supply and runoff,are studied,which give a gist to leakage judging of flow pipe.Pressure is one of the most important indexes to estimate the working quality of water supply pipe. The changing law of water supply pipe pressure with leakage may be used to provide with the pressure data monitored as the basis and premise of leakage judging,leak locating and estimation of the state in accordance. Based on the hydraulics characteristics of water supply pipe,this paper primarily study the effect of leak intensity on the pressure of pipe,and then establish a pressure model. Meanwhile,the validity and location of pressure as a criterion of leak detection are discussed,and a attempt to detect and elementary locate is made. Finally,a case study shows that the recommended values and method are visible.
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