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The study was carried out with eight DH pepper lines as material, Applying 6×6 complete diallel crossing design, and got 64 Combination,calculated with method Griffing I, the authors studied the combining ability and heritability on main characters,and determinated the tolerance to low temperature and irradiance,finally,analyze the correlation between tolerance to low temperature and irradiance and other characters,and the correlation among main characters. The results were showed as follows:(1)The value of GCA and SCA effects varies with parent and trait, parent 1 and parent 5 have high positive effect on fruit length,fruit width, fruit weight, yield per plant, early yield, plot yield; parent 6 has high positive effect on fruit number per plant, early fruit quantity; SCA avlue of hybridized combination 1×2 is highest on early yield and plot yield; paent 1 and parent 5 have high GCA value on yield trait(yield per plant, early yield, plot yield), however, SCA avlue of hybridized combination 1×5 is not outstanding on yield. And its SCA avlue on fruit length, fruit width, and fruit weight is low.(2)Pepper has significant reciprocal effect on leaf width, plant height, fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, fruit number per plant, yield per plant, blot fruit quantity, blot yield, fruit length, fruit width and fruit weight inclined to male parent, namely, using the large fuit material as male parent could easily inherited its trait. fruit width, plant height, fruit number per plant and blot fruit quantity inclined to female parent using the more fruit material as female parent could easily inherited its trait. According to this inheritance law, we can easily get hybridized combination which has high SCA value on yield using the large fuit material as male parent and the more fruit material as female parent. Reciprocal effect on early fruit quantity, early yield and leaf length is not very obvious.(3)The order of Hb2 is: leaf width>plant height>fruit weight>leaf length>fruit number per plant>fruit length>fruit width>yield per plant>early yield>early fruit quantity;the order of Hn2 is:leaf width>plant height>fruit length>fruit weight>leaf length>fruit width>yield per plant>fruit number per plant>early fruit quantity> early yield. Hereditary capacity of leaf width,plant height,fruit weight,fruit length and fruit is high,which is over 90﹪(Hb2) and over 70﹪(Hn2),so these traits have strong hereditary capacity,and we could select them in early generation.(4)Comparing studies on some index of pepper seedling which through treatment of low temperature and poor light,we select electrical conductivity and MDA whichis more Reliable as the index of tolerance to chilling and low light.(5)This paper showed that: there were remarked significant positive correlation between fruit weight and fruit width,fruit length, yield per plant and early yield;there was remarked significant negative correlation between fruit weight and fruit number per plant.
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