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Residual Gas Effect on Q-factors in Torsion Balance

Author: BianChunHua
Tutor: ShaoChengGang
School: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Course: Theoretical Physics
Keywords: Torsion balance Q value Rarefied gas Molecular mean free path Gas reflection
CLC: O552
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2007
Downloads: 21
Quote: 1
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Abstract


Torsion balance as a major weak force precision detection tools are widely used in precision measurement and material properties of the gravity and the electromagnetic force , the weak force and research fields. Experimental techniques torsion balance two centuries has been a continuous development and improvement , but there are still a lot of factors that affect its accuracy , including residual gas is an obvious error . Very thin gas molecular mean free path is much larger than the size of the object , then there is no boundary layer at all . The molecular re - emitted from the object surface until away from the object before and free flow of molecules will not collide. So the free stream velocity distribution can disregard the influence of the object exists is known balanced Maxwell distribution . The departure from the theory of rarefied gas , based on the molecules to flow in the surface part is completely diffuse reflection, while the remaining portion of perfectly specular reflection model above . Investigated flow of gas relative to the object . Calculated rectangular parallelepiped , cylinder , and the disc is the role in the resistance to flow and the impact on the quality factor of the torsion balance is calculated and summed up to obtain a generic expression , derived by analyzing the impact of the residual gas on the Q value of the torsion balance with is inversely proportional to the pressure, the quality of the gas molecules , and natural frequency and proportional to the temperature of a torsion balance . Under the in existing experimental pressure of 10 -5Pa Next , torsion balance cycle of several hundred seconds of the quality factor of the residual gas is between 106 to 108 to determine the influence of the residual gas of the Q value of a torsion balance can be negligible .

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