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The Fabrication and Characterization of Ceramic Fibers by Electrospinning

Author: SunZuo
Tutor: ZhangJunShan；TanYi
School: Dalian University of Technology
Course: Materials Physics and Chemistry
Keywords: ceramic fibers electrospinning polycarbosilane hollow fibers
CLC: TQ343
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 324
Quote: 1
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Abstract


From 1990s, the fabrication of fibers by Electrospinning has become the focus of scientific research because the product fibers have long length and uniform diameters. Electrospinning provides a simple and versatile method for generating ultrathin fibers from a rich variety of materials that include polymers, composites and ceramics.In this paper, aluminum nitride hollow fibers, zirconium nitride nanofibers and titanium oxide fibers of rutile phase have been prepared by electrospinning. A1N hollow fibers with an out-diameter of about 500nm and a wall thickness of about 100nm are obtained by calcination at 1600℃in nitrogen and the hexagonal phase is successfully synthesized. ZrN nanofibers are calcinated at the same temperature and the fiber structure is kept by the connection of irregular fine particles with the 100-500nm diameter. TiO2 fibers have been prepared by calcinating electrospun Tetrabutyl titanate/PVP composite fibers at 1000℃in air and the surface of fibers is coarsen due to the removal of PVP.The formation process of hollow structure has been described. If the release rate of gases inside the fibers is larger than the diffusion rate of gases through the fiber surface, the pressure inside of the fiber is increased and larger than ouside pressure and the hollow fibers are formed.Silicon carbide fibers derived from the pyrolysis of electrospun polycarbosilane （PCS）/PVP fibers have been synthesized. The product fibers with nonuniform diameter and length are very brittle and the fiber surface is coated with an amorphous SiO2 layer due to the oxidation in the curing process.TEOS was added into the PCS precursor solution to improve the performance of SiC fibers effectively. The continuous fibers with uniform diameter and rough surface have been prepared. It can be seen that the crystallinity of SiC fibers which are obtained by decomposition of PCS/TEOS/PVP precursor fibers is higher than that of SiC fibers derived from the decomposition of PCS/PVP precursor fibers.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Chemical Industry > The chemical fiber industry > Inorganic fibers
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