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Objective: To study the cerebellopontine angle vascular the nerve complex anatomical relationship between the blood vessels and nerves and the region outside the surgical approach in bone structure, provide anatomical data for clinical microvascular decompression, surgical treatment, reduce concurrency disease. Methods: (1) application of the 20 cases in 10% formalin fixed, arterial system irrigation have blue latex red latex filling of the venous system of adult cadaveric heads, after the removal of the cerebral hemispheres, the tentorium and simulated clinical suboccipital sigmoid sinus surgical approach combining layers and anatomy, observation, photography. (2) 20 adult cadaveric heads were dry, remove the calvaria bone, observation, measurement of posterior fossa outside the bone structure. Results: (1) the cerebellopontine angle neurovascular complex including trochlear nerve, the trigeminal nerve and the superior cerebellar artery, anterior inferior cerebellar artery, rock vein, petrosal sinus, brain cerebellum ditch on. Superior cerebellar artery segment and posterior cerebral artery segment constant oculomotor through. Cerebellar artery often go it alone (80%), stroke is generally more constant, issued from the basilar artery around the brain stem line to the outer turning the rear, often forming convex oppressors of the trigeminal nerve root to the caudal tail loop there are different degrees of tail loop, often trigeminal nerve trunk tail loop near the bifurcation and out the top of the brainstem area. Rock vein the case of cigarettes (60%), 40% of the rock vein trigeminal nerve, oppression parts above the trigeminal nerve root end. With a vascular possibly multiple times trigeminal nerve; may at the same time by the same trigeminal nerve vascular compression. Both sides of the trigeminal nerve may oppressed. In neurovascular complex abducent nerve, facial listen to the the former arteries, nerves and cerebellum cerebellar artery. Facial nerve and the auditory nerve cisternal segment of the fore-and-aft direction arranged facial nerve brainstem segment often located before the bottom of the auditory nerve. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery originated in the basilar artery (92.5%), the auditory nerve to wear through the surface of 57.50% cerebellar artery, 42.50% posterior inferior cerebellar artery pasted surface acoustic nerve surface. Anterior inferior cerebellar artery often folded shape protrudes into the inner ear, to issue internal auditory artery into the inner ear, in the the folded end its near constant. 14.28% superior cerebellar artery compression surface acoustic nerve. Neurovascular complex including the medulla oblongata, cranial nerve, hypoglossal nerve, cerebellar artery, vertebral artery. Cerebellar artery is the largest branch of the vertebral artery, the main origin of the vertebral artery (92.5%), stroke often has \2.56%, representing 10.26% wear via the vagus nerve and the nerve to wear after the nerve root filaments accounted for 66.66%, 10.26% in the posterior cranial nerves rear. The trip, only 10.26% cerebellar artery and after cranial nerve does not touch the rest are varying degrees occurred oppression, which accounted for 12.81% of oppression glossopharyngeal nerve. Vertebral artery are mostly located in front of the hypoglossal nerve (85%), and hypoglossal nerve occur oppression. This group specimens were no the basilar artery trigeminal nerve, facial listen the nerve and lower cranial nerve, hypoglossal nerve. (2) STP point, the jugular foramen, inner door posterior fossa surface bone structure, STP dot pitch of the inner ear door distance: the left (32.99 ± 2.72) mm, the right side of (37.84 ± 2.58) mm; away from the jugular vein hole distance: the left (35.27 ± 3.25) mm, the right side of (34.63 ± 3.25) mm. About 5mm above the jugular foramen to the inner ear door below about 20mm hypoglossal canal inside the mouth, in front of the ramp area. Auditory meatus, jugular foramen, hypoglossal canal within the mouth three approximation in a straight line. The mastoid the posterior fossa outside of a major bony landmarks structure, front inner side styloid styloid inside is outside the mouth of the jugular foramen, the mouth in front of the internal carotid artery outside the mouth, the inside of the tongue under neural tube outside the mouth and occipital condyle. Conclusion: cerebellopontine angle neurovascular complex is deep, complex structure, and around the adjacent brain stem, cerebellum, and other important structures. Detailed anatomical studies can improve the success rate of microvascular decompression surgery, and as much as possible to save the integrity of nerve function. The cause of trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, glossopharyngeal neuralgia cranial nerve diseases are complex, not necessarily caused by vascular compression alone, there may be other factors due to the interaction. Responsibility of blood vessels may be more than one, the oppression point may be more than one, patients should pay attention to prevent the omission. STP point, auditory meatus jugular foramen as posterior fossa surgery important location mark.
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