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Study of MSTN Gene Polymorphism and the Characteristics of Growth and Development of Tibet Mini-pigs

Author: YueMin
Tutor: GuWeiWang
School: Southern Medical University,
Course: Zoology
Keywords: Tibetan miniature pig MSTN gene PCR-RFLP Mitochondrial DNA control region Weight value Physiological and biochemical indexes
CLC: S828
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 121
Quote: 1
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Abstract

With the improvement of people's living standard, the characteristics of pork products has become a new goal to pursue. Tibetan pig the characteristic brand products as the development of export-oriented and tourism-based economy, the market demand, the development prospects are very broad. Pork traits breeding goals are mainly concentrated in the lean and succulent on the pursuit of lean mass has been the focus of the efforts of scientists and producers. Muscle growth inhibiting hormone (myostatin, MSTN) belong to the TGF-β superfamily, in the development and maturation of the skeletal muscle-specific expression, resulting in muscle growth inhibitory factor GDF-8, inhibit muscle growth and differentiation. The base of the conserved region of the MSTN gene mutation, it expresses the product will lose inhibit muscle growth or suppression function of the products affected, the muscles excessive development and growth. Mitochondrial DNA (mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA), is present in the the cytoplasmic mitochondrial matrix closed supercoiled circular double-stranded DNA molecules, is independent of the genome in the nucleus, with self-replication, transcription and coding functions is maternally inherited, but at the same time control of nuclear DNA. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a simple molecular structure, to motherhood ways genetic nucleotide ambiguity fast evolution. It can be divided into the physical structure of the coding region and non-coding regions, the coding region of the 37 genes, non-coding region of the mitochondrial genome control region, also known as the D-loop region genetically hypervariable region. Which controls mitochondrial DNA replication and transcription, is the fastest growing area of ??animal genome evolution speed, can be used to identify the evolutionary relationships of the population. Experimental Animal Center of Southern Medical University in 2004 and 50 reservoirs pigs (25 male, 25 female) from the Tibet Autonomous Region Gongbo'gyamda introduction to the Guangzhou region, keeping in the Zengcheng Tibet Small Pig Breeding Base, carried out for the first time the Tibetan pig Laboratory Animal nurture and research, and named the Tibetan miniature pig (Tibetmini-pigs). Experimental Animal Center and from the base of Zengcheng in 2006 to transfer part of the pig the Medical Campus captive breeding in the south, in order to further study the growth pattern and molecular genetic characteristics of Tibetan miniature pig. Objective: to study Tibetan miniature pig MSTN gene polymorphism. Four small pigs Tibetan miniature pig, Miniature Pig, Bama miniature pigs and Guizhou miniature pig mitochondrial DNA control region (mtDNA D-loop area) 5 'regulatory region were analyzed and compared; 2, observational study of different gender, different months age Tibetan miniature pig in the subtropical regions of the body weight and blood physiological, biochemical indicators of change, and to lay the foundation for its application in the life sciences. Method: 1, the application of PCR-RFLP method 42 Tibetan miniature pig the MSTN gene 5 'regulatory region polymorphism analysis Wuzhishan miniature pig and 17 7 Bama miniature pigs and 22 Guizhou miniature pig controlled research; 2, the PCR technique Tibetan miniature pig DNA samples of these 42, 17 Wuzhishan miniature pig DNA samples, seven Bama miniature pig DNA samples, and 22 of Guizhou miniature pig DNA samples of mitochondrial DNA D-loop area amplified and sequenced 3, taken from the Experimental Animal Center and Zengcheng base 20 has been measured birth weight of newborn piglets (female, male and female), respectively, using the unlimited and limited feeding method, in a year-by-comparison; January Tibetan miniature pig weight value was measured. Different feeding patterns of weight between the two groups of homosexual and heterosexual. 4, the use of fully automated hematology analyzer and automatic biochemical analyzer, 2,5,8,12-month-old Tibetan miniature pigs (♂ 30 ♀ 30) blood physiological and biochemical parameters were measured and analyzed. Statistical analysis of the SPSS13.0 software two samples t-test and analysis of variance, all data are presented as mean ± standard deviation ((?) ± SD). Results: After four different strains of swine MSTN gene 5 'regulatory region of the PCR-RFLP analysis, Tibetan miniature pig MSTN gene showed three genotypes TT, AA, TA allele T and A frequency of 23.81% and 76.19%; Wuzhishan miniature swine MSTN gene showed genotype TT, AA, allele frequency of T and A, respectively, 82.35% and 17.65% ; Guizhou miniature pig MSTN gene showed genotypes TT TA, T and A-allele frequency of 90.91% and 9.09%, respectively; Bama miniature pig MSTN gene genotypes showed TT and TA, T and A allele frequency was 85.71% and 14.29%, respectively. 2, x ~ 2 test analysis the SPSS13.0 software that gene and allele frequencies of the four different strains of swine MSTN gene. The results show that: the genotype and allele frequencies between the different breeds there is a significant difference (P = 0.000). Tibetan miniature pigs AA (61.90%) genotype frequencies, genotype frequencies higher Wuzhishan miniature pig TT (82.35%), Guizhou pig and Bama miniature pig TT (81.82% and 71.43 %) genotype frequencies. 3, measured by small pig mitochondrial DNA D-loop area 5 'end of the regulatory region, Tibetan miniature pig results show a total of 15 variable sites in this area, four haplotypes, 305, 500, 691 three sites the transformation is more prominent. Three sites base CGG's 33.33%, and 40.46% for TAA. The Miniature Pig total of six variable sites in this area, three haplotypes. Bama miniature pigs nine variable sites in this area, four haplotypes. Guizhou miniature pig total of six variable sites in this area, and three haplotypes. 4, weight monitoring results indicate that the central group of Tibetan miniature pigs between male and female, in addition to the differences in birth weight significantly outside (P lt; 0.05), 1 to 12 months of age, body weight had no significant difference in body weight at 12 months of age up to 37. .356 ± 6.325 Kg and 36.640 ± 4.912 Kg; base group of Tibetan miniature pig 2-month-old, 11-month-old and 12-month-old male weight was significantly higher than in females (P lt; 0.05), 12 the age weight were only 25.603 ± 6.106 Kg and 30.447 ± 4.042 Kg. Central group with the base group of Tibetan miniature pig growth comparison shows that, in addition to birth weight male and female 1-month weight was no significant difference (P gt; 0.05), between female and male are significant difference (P lt; 0.01), the central group of Tibetan miniature pig weight value is significantly higher than the base group of the same gender, the Tibetan pig weight value of the same months of age. 5, Tibetan miniature pig blood physiological indicators of gender differences is not significant, a significant part of the biochemical indicators of gender differences; most indicators are differences between different months highly significant with (P lt; 0.01) or significant (P lt; 0.05) average RBC volume, ALB, AKP, CREA four indicators with age growth upward trend, the Pts count, mean Hb concentration, BUN downward trend, the rest showed no significant variation. Physiological and biochemical indices measured in part and Bama miniature pigs are similar, larger differences with ordinary pig, close to the human level.

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