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Camellia oleifera Abel is the South China edible oil major woody species, the development of ecological economic forest has an irreplaceable role. Yield is a symbol of economic cultivated plants, to high yield wel-bred is necessary material foundation different varieties, yield and oil production have varied widely. In order to obtain wel-bred, the most simple and fast way is to compare the selection of available resources. The experimental material has been bred from some local varieties of Hunan and Guangxi Academy of breeding out clones grafted in Ma jiahe,Zhuzhou City, these clones on the same site conditions after nearly 30 years of growth and development of its Phenotypic characteristics and economic traits of these differences how to distinguish; their good traits can maintain stability; for "selecting the best" filter good varieties which adapted to local soil climatic conditions and for further breeding and related research provide a scientific basis.The thesis of the important traits of 38 Camellia oleifera Abel clones (tree characteristics:tree height, diameter, crown width, etc.; biological characteristics:leaf length, leaf width, leaf thickness, flowering, etc.; fruit characteristics:fruit diameter, longitudinal diameter, the seed rate, shelling percentage, kernel oil content, etc.) and physical and chemical properties and fatty acid composition was investigated.The results show that the same traits among clones of Camellia there is a big difference.11 leaf blade length than the other, for the long oval, No.18, No.33, No.39, No.46, No.64, No.68, No.69 for the oval, the rest is oval, No.11, No.61 more flowering early, early October to blossom, No.9, No. No.18, No.36, No.42, No.72, late flowering, No.11, began in mid and late into the flowering stage. Camellia clones orange-type fruit yield higher than that of other fruit shape. Grey analysis by known relationship between fruit diameter and yield of Camellia oleifera, followed by the average fruit weight.38 Camellia oleifera Abel clones refractive index about 1.4696, compared with the general common vegetable oils, which shows that the fatty acid composition of seed oil Camellia No. of double bonds are more unsaturated. Acid changes in the scope of a larger acid No. from 0.36-0.92,11 minimum, maximum acid value of No.46. The average acid value of about 0.6, indicating that the oil contains a small amount of free fatty acids, found Camellia Oil GB standard, high iodine value, range 76-127.5, with an average 93.46 Description Camellia seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which is obtained by gas chromatography high content of linoleic acid and oleic acid, unsaturated fatty acids up to 90% consistent. Saponification No. Saponification value between 168-218.5, No.59 minimum, No.28 maximum, an average of 184.7.Oil fatty acid composition of clones is another important part of the paper, using meteorological chromatography of 38 tested clones of the oil fatty acid composition were determined. Chromatography results showed that 38 clones of Camellia more than 80% oleic acid, No.25, of which No.25, No.43, No.11, of the fatty acid content reached more than 88.8%. Higher linoleic acid content from 1% to 15%, the highest content of linoleic acid is 27.DTOPSIS method by 38 Camellia clones comprehensive assessment of economic traits, results showed that No.67 (0.9222) and No.68 (0.8127) No.64 (0.7552) No.65 (0.3159), No.13 (0.3121) among the best composite indicator to evaluate results with the actual performance is consistent, No.67,68,64, three clones have passed the national examination, named’Huajin’,’Huaxin’,’Huashuo’.
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