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Diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus, DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by a variety of causes, following cancer, cardiovascular disease chronic serious harm to human health. Type 2 diabetes (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, T2DM) is mainly due to insulin resistance accompanied by relative insulin secretion is insufficient, or defects in insulin secretion, accompanied or not accompanied by insulin resistance, accounting for 90% -95% of diabetes. In recent years, diabetes widely popular all over the world, both developed and developing countries, the rapid increase in the prevalence rate of diabetes. The rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes, compared with developed countries, China's diabetes awareness, treatment and control rates were generally lower. Diabetes hazard to human health but also a heavy financial burden to families and society. Therefore, the prevention and control of diabetes has become the world the urgent need to complete the task. This study to understand some of the rural areas in Henan Province impaired fasting glucose (impaired fasting glucose, IFG) and type 2 diabetes, the prevalence, awareness, treatment and complications of type 2 diabetes risk factors associated with diabetes in the region to in the region provide a scientific basis for the development of diabetes prevention and control programs. Objects and methods in August 2005 and March 2006 in two rural communities in Henan Province, the village (group) units, randomly selected residents aged 18 and over to investigate. The study includes a survey (demographic characteristics, family history of diabetes, diabetes awareness and treatment, behavioral risk factors and dietary survey), physical examination (height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and blood pressure) and laboratory tests (total cholesterol , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose). Existing state studies and case-control study, research, awareness, treatment and complications status and risk factors of type 2 diabetes in the region the prevalence of diabetes in people over the age of 18. The study IFG and type 2 diabetes prevalence rates were 17.89% and 11.35%, respectively. Male IFG prevalence rate of 16.71%, 10.57% of the prevalence rate of T2DM; women IFG prevalence rate of 18.74%, 11.91% of the prevalence rate of T2DM. The difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05) between men and women the prevalence of IFG and T2DM. Age, the prevalence of IFG and T2DM upward trend, the trend test were statistically significant (P <0.05). Education level below junior high prevalence of DM was significantly higher than the middle or higher (P <0.05), and the prevalence of IFG was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the different education. Different marital status, prevalence of IFG and T2DM difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05); With the increased level of family income, IFG prevalence of diabetes in an upward trend, the trend test were statistically significant (P <0.05). T2DM risk factors in multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.030, OR95% CI :1.012-1 .047), family income (OR = 1.591, OR95% CI :1.012-1 .047), family history of diabetes (OR = 2.845, OR95% CI :1.489-5 .435), abdominal obesity (OR = 2.072, OR95% CI :1.318-3 .258) and total cholesterol (OR = 1.230, OR95% CI :1.032-1 .467) is a positive correlation of T2DM factor. In 111 patients with T2DM, 16.22% of the patients know they are suffering from diabetes, 16.22% of patients with drug and non-drug therapy. Different gender, educational level and marital status between objects diabetes awareness, treatment and were not significantly different (P> 0.05). With the growth of the age and income levels, diabetes awareness, treatment, showing a trend of increased (P <0.05). In 111 patients with T2DM, 3 patients suffering from diabetic eye disease, accounting for 2.70% of patients with T2DM; 3 patients with diabetic nephropathy, accounting for 2.70% of the total patients with T2DM. Fasting plasma glucose with age, body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol significantly correlated (P <0.05), and height, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and high density lipoprotein cholesterol relationship was not significant (P> 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood sugar impact. Conclusion 1. Residents in some rural areas in Henan Province diabetes prevalence rate has reached a very high level, diabetes awareness and treatment rate is very low. Age, family income, family history of diabetes, abdominal obesity, and total cholesterol is an independent risk factor in the region of T2DM. Urgent need in the population of the region to implement effective diabetes intervention strategies and measures to reduce the prevalence of diabetes and its complications, improve diabetes awareness and treatment rates, and to strengthen the management of people with diabetes and to improve the patient's known Current treatment.
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