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The coptis is rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch., Coptis deltoidea C.Y.Cheng et Hsiao, and Coptis teeta Wall, which was first recorded in Shen Nong’s Herbal.The Coptis chinensis Franch. is commonly used in clinical practice. The samples of different origins have different quality. Because of the ecological environment, the chemical composition of samples of different areas has difference. The samples of Sichuan are famous-region drugs, because of their unique genetic background, ecological environment, cultural background and theory of TCM.Objective:Study the chemical composition and ecological factors of coptis, and explore the relationship between them. Establish the method of quality evaluation of coptis, which can reflect its genuineness of TCM.Method:1. Collect samples of different producing areas, study ecological factors of producing areas. Collect soil samples and determination their pH, organic matter, available N, P, K. Analysis difference of ecological factors of different areas.2. Establish NIR fingerprint of samples of different producing areas, use the PC A method to study the difference of samples.3. Establish HPLC fingerprint of samples, and determine the contents of six major alkaloids jatrorrhizine, columbamine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, and berberine. Use the MPLS method to establish NIR calibration equation of six alkaloids and total alkaloids. Conduct paired two-tailed T test to the HPLC and NIR data of prediction set.4. Analyze the correlation of chemical composition and ecological factors by mathematical statistics methods (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis, Grey Correlation Analysis, Canonical Correlation Analysis and so on).Result:1. Collected 134 medicine samples and 19 soil samples of different producing areas. Cluster Analysis results show that samples of Chongqing and Hubei gathered to one group, and samples of Sichuan gathered to one group.2. The PC A result of NIR fingerprint shows that wild samples and processed samples of Sichuan are different with the samples of other producing areas, samples of four years and seven are different with samples of five years.3. HPLC fingerprints had detected 27 samples, and 12 common peaks had been calibrated, similarity is greater than 0.99. Cluster Analysis results show that samples of Chongqing, Hubei and Hunan gathered to one group, samples of Emei and Hongya gathered to one group, samples of Pengzhou, Chongzhou and Qionglai gathered to one group or gathered with samples of Emei and Hongya.4. The method for the identification and quantitative determination of six alkaloids had been established. The average recovery was 101.57%(RSD=1.33%),102.50 %(RSD=1.35%),100.80%(RSD=1.91%),102.66%(RSD=1.23%),97.85%(RSD=1.25% ),99.01%(RSD=1.51%).The results of HPLC and NIR of prediction set don’t reach significant level(p>0.05).5. There is good correlation between chemical composition and ecological factors, dominant factor are sunshine hours, highest and minimum temperature, available N, organic matter, available P and altitude.Conclusion:1. Climate and soil of Sichuan are different with other producing areas; coptis of Sichuan are different with other producing areas, and the reason maybe jatrorrhizine, columbamine, palmatine.Established the method of quality evaluation reflecting its genuineness of coptis. It can provide reference for other authentic herbs.2. The method of quantitative determination of six alkaloids which established firstly can explore the nature of chemical composition. NIR can determination medicinal powder directly, and can determination the main chemical composition fastly, losslessly and effectively, which is consistent with the overall concept of TCM. It can provide new method for quality control of TCM.
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