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The purpose of evidence-based understanding of Anhui Province, a mountainous area in southern Anhui urban and rural residents epidemic of chronic diseases present conditions and characteristics for the development of community-cell chronic disease intervention strategies. Method using cluster random sampling, a city in southern Anhui Province, Anhui Province, District 4 County each randomly select one of the city streets, two rural villages to investigate the scene, a total of 21 survey the scene, each 50 randomly selected survey the scene, the use of your own home health survey questionnaire, taken by the district (county) CDC professionals after training, on March 10, 2009 to 20 household survey of all members of the family. The actual survey 1045, a total of 3288 people. Results ① Wannan mountainous urban and rural residents was 7.8% prevalence of chronic diseases. Prevalence rate of urban residents was 11.1% of rural residents was 6.5%; male prevalence rate of 8.8%, and 6.8% for women; residents of the 55 years old group prevalence was 24.7%; primary and lower education level group residents'health rate of 14.6%; marital status (divorced, widowed) residents prevalence of 20.3%; retired residents prevalence rate of 38.9%. (2) according to the prevalence of descending order, Wannan a mountain of urban and rural residents hypertension, heart disease, chronic bronchitis, diabetes and gallbladder stones (inflammation), prevalence of between 0.4% -3.8%. Top five chronic diseases of urban residents were high blood pressure, diabetes, chronic bronchitis, heart disease, cervical spondylosis, the prevalence of between 0.5% -6.8% of rural residents top five chronic diseases were: hypertension, heart disease chronic bronchitis gallbladder stones (inflammation), diabetes, the prevalence of between 0.4% -2.7%. The ③ Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, occupation and self-rated health status into the south of Anhui Province urban and rural residents (aged 15 and above) are suffering from the impact of chronic diseases factor model. Conclusion south of Anhui Province prevalence of chronic diseases of the urban and rural residents is lower than the national average; 55 years old group (OR = 6.635) of the residents are at high risk of suffering from chronic diseases; Compared with men, women are suffering from chronic diseases a protective factor (OR = 0.663); farming cadres (OR = 0.320), workers (OR = 0.458) is suffering from chronic diseases protective factors; self-rated health \(OR = 23.455) is a risk factor. Recommendations draw on the successful experience in chronic disease prevention and control, to carry out community-based health education led to reduce the risk factors for the purpose of implementation of prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and health guidance for community health groups, health groups and patients, continuous , comprehensive, coordinated, and community a unit integrated chronic disease prevention and control service model.
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