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At present, the psychological treatment is seen as the fourth way to reform prisoners except prison administration, education reform and labor reform. In the 1960s before, with the worldwide various psychological school developments, the psychological treatment was applied to the criminal reform system, and had a vigorous development. But since the 1960s, because all sorts of psychological correction modes owned limitation, the psychological treatment in the reform of prisoners began to shrink. After practice of hardships, in the reform of prisoners, the psychological treatment showed good results, which got accepted by the theory and practice at home and abroad. So from the eighties, criminal’s psychological treatment began to recover. From 1990s, the psychological treatment in the prison system gradually developed in our country.Psychological treatment is necessary in the reform of prisoner’s component parts. After a mass of research, which indicates that criminals in the psychological aspect exists different from the general people’s special performance, mainly includes psychological obstacles, mood disorders, personality imperfections, performance for depression, anxiety, despair, hostility and other bad emotional responses. Therefore in the process of the reform of prisoners, the psychological measures are necessary. Meanwhile psychological treatment in criminal theory of reforming practice plays a great role, which makes the society from all walks have high hopes to the psychological treatment.Our country put forward to using scientific knowledge of psychology to reform criminals in "The Eighth Labor Reconstruction Work Conference in The National Scope". From then on, the psychological treatment institutions got set up in many prisons in our country under the unified leadership of the justice department prison management authority. They work psychological measure for criminals, and made great effects, which got recognition of the society and national judicial authority. But compared with foreign, China’s criminal psychological treatment is still in the primary stage, and in the system construction and implementation process, it exists many problems. So to study the present situation of psychological treatment in prison system, referring to the advanced psychological treatment modes of western countries, and to put forward the theoretical conception for the reform of prisons in the psychological treatment are the writing purposes of this essay.On the basis of the value of the psychological treatment in the reform of prisoners and our country’s theory research status and existing problems, the author learned from foreign advanced theory and practice experience, and considerate the social background, the cultural tradition and social values of our country, finally made out the theoretical conception, which are that improve legislation mode at a system level and develop smoothly in the concrete practice areas. In every aspects of the psychological treatment in the reform of prisoners, the author tried to build a theory model, and it include the design of criminal psychology correcting position, the setup of prison psychological treatment institution, work team construction, work mechanism planning and related facilities. Hope to provide a new approach, the new strategy for related system construction.
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