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Objective To detect the serum Lipocalin-2 levels in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and explore the relationship of serum Lipocalin-2 to body fat parameters, glucose and lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance index ( IR ).Methods 96 T2DM patients and 80 subjects with normal glucose regulation (NGR), with the body mass index (BMI) <24 kg/m2 (NW) or≥24 kg/m2(OW/OB), divided into 3 groups, underwent body measurement including body weight, height, waist circumference, and hip circumference, and waist hip ratio (WHR) and calculation of body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Peripheral blood samples were collected from them to detect the blood lipids, glucose, hemoglobin A1C, fasting insulin (FINS), and fasting C peptide. Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. ELISA was used to detect the Lipocalin-2 level, body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were evaluated and insulin sensitivity was assessed by HOMA-IR.Results The serum Lipocalin-2 level of the females was (102±31) ng/L, significantly higher than that of the males (83±29) ng/L, P<0.05. After adjustment of gender and age, the serum Lipocalin-2 level of the OW/OB group, including NGR-OW/OB and T2DM - OW/OB subgroups, was (119±62) ng/L, significantly higher than that of the NW group [ (92±61) ng/L, P=0.04] and the serum Lipocalin-2 level of the T2DM group was(114±54) ng/L,significantly higher than that of the NGR group [(69±25) ng/L,P<0.001]. Partial correlation analyses showed that the serum Lipocalin-2 level was positively correlated with WHR, fasting insulin (FINS), fasting C peptide , HOMA-IR and TG, negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(r= -0.251, P<0.01).Stepwise regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR、fasting serum C peptide and TG were the independent variables of Lipocalin-2(β=0.365,0.328,0.280, P<0.O5).Conclusion Serum Lipocalin-2 level are much higher in females and obese subjects than in males and subjects with normal weight. Serum Lipocalin-2 is correlated with insulin level, body fat disposition and lipid metabolism which suggesting that it may play a role in the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic syndrome
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