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Since the reform and opening up, China’s national economy has entered a rapid developing period. Economic structure being adjusted, the process of urbanization and market economy being accelerating, the overall macro economy is showing a rapid and sound developing momentum. The land, especially the urban land, as the carrier of ecnomic development and social activities, is the irreplaceable resource in advancing the development of economy, society and environment with its fostering, carrying, storing and sightseeing function.However, with the unlimited expansion of human activities which is caused by ever increasingly fast urbanization, land resource, especially the urban land, can not meet the more and more need. The problems of population, resource and environment covered by high economic growth are emerging, at the same time, the development of China’s land market is of imperfection and land supply system is not complete. The supply of urban land through market system is insufficient, which is mainly caused by administrative assigning, and this situation will exist in the far future. In this case, solving the problems related to the urban land from the government aspect is becoming a pragmatic way.This paper studies the structural optimization of the supply of urban land, trying to find a solution to their problems of urban land in China, hoping to provide a reference for relevant government departments. From the government’s point of view, based on a number of scholars’ theoretical research and practical experience, this paper demonstrates several related concepts of the supplying structure of urban land, and analyzes the relationship between the supplying structure of urban land and the economy, society and environment, finding out the law in oder to build the model of urban land supply, which includes the variable setting, the objective function building, the constraints setting and so on. Based on the above, seeing the economic, social and environmental benefits as the goal, this paper optimizes the model of urban land supply structure using the genetic algorithm, and describes the basic principles of genetic algorithms as well as the operating process when combined with urban land supply structure. The empirical analysis takes Jinan city for example, uses the method above to optimize the urban land supply structure of Jinan city, and gives suggestions according to the specific development of the city which is based on the analysis of a variety of optimized benefits growth. Ultimately, the paper concludes the whole contents above, and points out the problems that should be futher studied.
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