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The immune system of shellfish plays an extremely important role in defending the disease. In hope of knowing about the defending system of Coelomactra antiquata and try to improve its defense capability from the immunology angle, we had following experiments to non-particularity immunity function research of C. antiquata.Classification of the haemocytes of C. antiquata was carried out in this study by optical microscope, it was revealed that mostly group of haemocytes were present in C. antiquata. The in vitro phagocytosis property of C. antiquata was studied here., it showed that: haemocytes could phagocytize Aeromonas hydrophil cells in vitro. The optimal temperature of phagocytosis was 20℃, and the phagocytic rate was 43.79%, the phagocytic index was 0.60. When the C. antiquata was challenged with A. hydrophil, after four hours, the phagocytic rate was 24.41% .In comparison with those treated with saline or sterilized A. hydrophil.,it increased 40.53% , 29.09% respectively .By optical microscopes the whole phagocytosis could be observed.Agglutinin could be found in the serum of bivalve molluscs. Carrying on a research of the agglutinin to C. antiquata, it showed agglutinating activity on erythrocyte of Human, chicken, eel, grass carp, muscovy duck and quail.Three days after stimulated by A. hydrophil., the hemagglutinating titers of serum could increased markedly,until the fifth day, the hemagglutinating titers increased to max., those treated with A. hydrophil, the hemagglutinating titers was 53.33 and those treated with sterilized A. hydrophil, the hemagglutinating titers was 64.It was reported that, nonspecific immune factors including some enzymes could be induced on certain degree in shellfish. More quantity and higher activity of some nonspecific immune factors could be induced by injection. In this paper, the content of total egg white in the blood and the activities of ACP, AKP and SOD in the blood serum were tested at 1d, 3d, 5d, 7d after injection with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus and A. hydrophil ,the results showed that: in the team which injected with A. hydrophil ,the content of total egg white in the blood and the activities of T-AOC,ACP, and AKP, SOD in the blood serum had a significant elevation .
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