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Hunan Mangshan National Nature Reserve, situated in the southeast of Yizhang County, is in the northern branch of Mt. Qitian ling and belongs to Zhonghsan landscape of Nanling Range. The author carried out 8 investigations on Mt. Mang from April in 2006 to July in 2007 and the total number of species collected belonged to 5 families,59 genera and 131 species (including sub-species). There were 33 new species,2 new species recorded in China and 21 new species recorded in Hunan among them. This passage made description in details on the following 8 species, they were Arge dolichogenata Wei et Nie, sp. nov.; Arge nigropilosis Wei et Nie, sp. nov.; Leptocimbex brevivertexis Wei et Nie, sp. nov.; Macrophya southa Wei et Nie sp. nov.; Tenthredo nitidifrontalia Wei et Nie, sp. nov.; Athlophorus niemeiae Wei et Nie, sp. nov; Lagidina pieli nigrotibialis Wei et Nie, spp. Nov.; Erythraspides sinica Wei et Nie, sp. nov.The diversity indices of sawfly communities in this region were ranked as following: April> June> July> May; the order of dominance indicies were as following:May> July > June> April; the sequence of evenness indices are June> April> July> May; The diversity indices of sawfly communities from different elevation of the mountain were (600～900) m> (900～1,200) m> (1,200～1,500) m> (300～600) m> 1,500 m; the order of dominance indices were higher than 1,500 m> (300～600) m> (1,200～1,500) m> (900～1,200) m> (600～900) m; the sequence of evenness indices were higher than 1,500 m > (600～900) m> (300～600) m> (1,200～1,500) m> (900～1,200) m. According to the data obtained from investigation on different vegitation, the diversity index of sawfly communities from the highest to the lowest is:evergreen broadleaved forest and mixed forest zone, needleleaved mixed with broadleaved forestzone, evergreen broadleaved forest, shrub forest at mountaintop; the dominance index of different vegetation were:shrub forest at mountaintop, evergreen broadleaved forest and mixed forest zone, needleleaved mixed with broadleaved forestzone, evergreen broadleaved forest; the evenness index of different vegetation were as following:shrub forest at mountaintop, evergreen broadleaved forest, needleleaved mixed with broadleaved forestzone, evergreen broadleaved forest and mixed forest zone.The Whittaker indices of sawfly communities along the elevation were highest which meant the rate of substitution for species were the fastest; the Whittaker indices of sawfly communities along the time were lower while along the elevation of vegetation were lowest. These results indicated that:(1) The species of sawfly were different in different elevation, so the elevation had obvious influence on the composition of sawfly community. (2) The occurrence of sawfly community were related with season which meant eviromental factors influenced its occurrence. (3) Elevation and time had obvious influence on the composition of sawfly community compared with vegetation.According to the dual similarity indices put forward by Jaccard, we could got the conclusion that the order of similarity indices of sawfly in Mt. Mang, Mt. Mao’er and Mt. Dabie from high to low was Mt. Mang and and Mt. Mao’er, Mt. Mang and Mt. Dabie, Mt. Dabie and Mt. Mao’er.Among the species recorded in Mt. Mang, there were 121 East Asia-type species,5 Oriental-Palaeartic species,3 Oriental-East Asia-type specie and 2 Oriental species. They accounted for 92.37%,3.81%,2.29% and 1.53% separately. The result showed that in Mt. Mang the East Asia-type element is relatively predominant.54 species were in southern part of China which accounted for 44.61%,22 species were in Hunan which accounted for 18.17%,19 species were in China which accounted for 15.71%,17 species were in East-Asia which accounted for 14.06% and 9 species were in Nanling Range which accounted for 7.45% in all. The result also showed the species of sawfly in southern part of china is relatively predominant in the recorded species of Mt. Mang.
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