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Rapid Detection for Acute Toxicity of Drilling Fluid and Study for Evaluation Methods for Marine Pollution

Author: ZuoXuePing
Tutor: ZhangQianQian
School: Ocean University of China
Course: Marine Chemical Engineering and Technology
Keywords: Drilling fluid Acute Toxicity Evaluation of the pollution of the sea
CLC: X821
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 67
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Abstract

The impact on the marine environment due to the increasing number of types of pollutants emitted by the offshore oil exploitation, growing fast evaluation of the toxicity of marine pollutants become more important. Marine microalgae as primary productivity in the ocean, toxic substances are more sensitive and suitable for the rapid detection of toxic substances; high sensitivity of fluorescence techniques facilitate the determination of the rapid detection of the toxicity of pollutants can be used as the main means of detection. The paper selected drilling fluid toxicity sensitive marine microalgae Skeletonema costatum (Skeletonema costatum), the test biological Artemia recommended national standards as a reference, drilling fluid toxicity fast evaluation method based on of microalgae fluorescence detection. Seven kinds of drilling fluid and its components for toxicity testing, the use of the model and the risk of non-detection effect concentration the estimated evaluation model to classify the drilling fluid toxicity. The main results of the work include: 1. Establishment of of Skeletonema costatum model organisms, marine biological toxicity of drilling fluid rapid evaluation method based on fluorescence detection technology. First, from the drilling fluid toxicity evaluation of five marine microalgae screened sensitive biological - Skeletonema costatum; microalgae biomass fluorescence-based detection technology to avoid interference from fluorescent substances in the drilling fluid, with a fast , accurate and suitable for field application, etc.; comprehensive analysis show that the good correlation of the test the drilling fluid 8hEC5o values ??and 96hEC5o of value, 8h EC50 can be used as the drilling fluid toxicity and rapid evaluation; fourth, based on micro- algae fluorescence detection of the drilling fluid toxicity evaluation of existing GB is better, and has a fast, high precision and accuracy, etc.; fifth, the seven drilling fluid toxicity evaluation results indicate that, in addition to WBF1 nontoxic, The remaining six are poisonous. The 2. The Skeletonema costatum toxicity evaluation model organisms, initially identified the toxic components of the drilling fluid WBF2 relationship. Identified in the drilling fluid WBF2 single component a toxic components, one for the low toxicity of the component, and the remaining five are non-toxic components; the toxic and drilling fluid WBF2 low toxicity components mixed when its toxicity short time showed increased synergy effect that the same dose of the hybrid the component toxicity is greater than any single component toxicity and no longer obvious, but increase with time effects; drilling fluid WBF2 toxicity depends primarily on one of the toxic components, while the non-toxic component of the toxicity of the drilling fluid may have a synergistic enhancing effect. Initially established based on the the marine microalgae evaluation drilling fluid method of evaluation of the pollution of the sea. Methods and models of marine microalgae-based drilling fluid on the the waters contaminated evaluation indicators - non-detection effect concentration calculated. The initial introduction of the risk and hazard assessment model, the results show that the six kinds of drilling fluid on the waters there are some potential hazards. In summary, the paper uses fluorescence technology of drilling fluid and its components toxicity detection, classification and their applicability, and provide technical support for the preparation of non-toxic or low toxic drilling fluid, has a practical application.

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