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Habermas' Reconstruction of Historical Materialism Theory

Author: WuXiaoChun
Tutor: CuiYanQiang
School: Southwest China Normal
Course: Marxist Theory and Ideological and Political Education
Keywords: Reconstruction of Historical Materialism Habermas Review of the Theory Uphold and develop Marxism Critical social theory The new historical conditions Base and superstructure Theory of evolution Productive forces and relations of production Principles of dialectical relationship
CLC: B089
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2002
Downloads: 374
Quote: 2
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Abstract


Jurgen Habermas is the most famous philosopher, sociologist,and thinker at the present time in Germany. He also is the most important representative figure of the second generation of Frankfurter Schule. Comparing to his predecessors, due to absorbing the great amount of the newest philosophy methodology achievements (for example, phenomenology, explainology and lauguage philosophy and others), his thought has been become more greater and deeper, thus his ability for criticizing social theory has been shown in the vaster theoretical field of vision. The highest gradations of Habermas’s criticizing social theory is social evolution theory, namely rebuilding of historical materialism. His called "rebuilding" is such a method, with which he separates a kind of theories, and then, composes it again taking new form, so as to achieve his better aim established by the theory. For the rebuilding of historical materialism, he uses the method of abstract affirm and specific negation. On base of systematic study and analysis, the auther of this article is going to judge the Habermas’s rebuilding of historical materialism theory, in order to persist in and develop Marxism under the new historical conditions, and forcefully to rebut the obsolete theory for Marxism.The auther of this article thinks that Habermas’s rebuilding of historical materialism theory has been formed on the basis of his overall evaluation on historical materialism. Habermas thinks that historical materialism is the program of the future social evolution theory, but there is insufficient in it. Thus, he studied the problems as followings,the basic category and basic principles of historical materialism, including social labour category, production made category, economic base and superstructure principles, dialectical relations principles of productive forces and production relations and so on. On this basis, he regards the acquaintance theory as base of rebuilding of historical materialism, and makes the predictive analysis of later capitalism society. This is his aim of rebuilding of historical materialism.Adopting the standpoint, viewpoint and methods of Marxism, the author of this article judges and rebuts the Habermas’s misinterpret and attacking of historical materialism. On the one hand, the auther painted out that Habermas’s understanding of historical materialism is unilateral. Habermas put forward that "labour"and "mutual relation"category, social unified theory, moral-practice knowledge are the motive power of social evolution and acquaintance reason and others,and replaced the basic category and basic principle of historical materialism with his theory. It is wrong. It also is at variance with the development reality of history. On the other hand, Habermas’s rebuilding of historical materialism theory also contains certain reasonable component parts, which provide the Marxism’s development with valuable experience materials, so that the contemporary Marxists persist in and develop Marxism under the new historical conditions.

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