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Preparation and Application of Cleaning Used Softener on Cotton Fabric

Author: JiHaiTao
Tutor: XuHaiYu
School: Donghua University
Course: Applied Chemistry
Keywords: cotton fabric cleaning used softener quaternary ammonium salt amphoteric emulsion
CLC: TQ649.4
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 42
Quote: 1
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Abstract


Long chain is the main character of most softeners for clothing, and the softeners are mainly cation surfactant. Dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride is a softener for clothing with good touching feelings including softness、smoothness. The number of carbon is between 16 and 18 for these softeners. Because dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride hasn’t good biodegradation, it has been forbidden as softener in some countries. On the other hand, the alkylation reagent for synthesizing the quaternary ammonium salt softeners is poisonous, and the equipments are also rigorous. To solve the problems, choosing ecological raw material to synthesize the new type softeners with good softness and biodegradation is necessary, and at present, the study for these softeners in our country is underway and the foreground of the research is wide.The quaternized stearic acid triethanolamine ester named "quaternary ammonium salt softener D " was synthesized with stearic acid triethanolamine ester as intermediate and with iodoethane as alkylation reagent using isopropanol as the solvent. The effects of temperature、time and potassium iodide on synthesis were discussed and the optimum reaction conditions of synthesis were obtained by orthodoxy experiment method, and the structure of the quaternary ammonium salt softener D was approved by color reaction、IR and ~1HNMR. Besides that, the betaine softener of triethanolamine oleic acid ester named "amphoteric softener E " was synthesized from oleic acid triethanolamine ester and chloroacetic acid. The optimum reaction conditions of synthesis were obtained by orthodoxy experiment method and tested by color reaction and IR. That both softeners have biodegradable groups was confirmed.A microemulsion or emulsion featuring both good water clarifying was obtained by experiment using proper emulsifiers. The particle diameter and stability of the two synthesized softeners emulsions were tested, and the results showed that the combination of emulsifiers was better than single one for the effects of emulsification. The two softeners’ emulsion with mechanical stability、acid/alkali-resistant、cold-heat resistance and tap-water resistance were obtained.The fabric was processed with prepared softeners. The effects of " quaternary ammonium salt softener D "and " amphoteric softener E " on cotton fabric was obvious. However, the quaternary ammonium salt was better than amphoteric softener in the effect of softness. After the cotton fabric was processed with the two softeners, the whiteness、the breaking strength、tear strength and wetting property of fabric were studied.Compared the two prepared softeners with others in market, the results showed that both prepared softeners were obvious on the softness of fabric, especially " quaternary ammonium salt softener D ", and the " amphoteric softener E " was not as good as the quaternary ammonium salt softener. To improve the comprehensive effect of fabric, the combination of quaternary ammonium salt softener D and amphoteric softener E was studied. The best proportion of combined softeners was determined, and comprehensive effect of fabric with combined softeners was very satisfying.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Chemical Industry > Chemical processing of oils and waxes industry, soap industry > Synthetic detergent industry > Raw material
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